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Experimental investigation of hybrid nano-lubricant for rheological and thermal engineering applications

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Abstract

Nowadays, various types of engine oils are widely used in lubricating and cooling internal combustion engines. In this study, the behavior of MWCNTs–SiO2 (30–70)/10W40 hybrid nanofluid as part of a new generation of engine oil is investigated experimentally. A mixture of SiO2, with 20–30 nm particle diameter, and MWCNT, with 3–5 nm inner and 5–15 nm outer nanoparticle diameter was dispersed into a base fluid of 10W40 engine oil. Then, the viscosity of the product was measured at nanofluid concentrations and temperatures, respectively, ranging from 0.05 to 1% and 5 to 55 °C, for different values of shear rate. Also, a sensitivity analysis to the solid volume fraction was performed at different temperatures. The results show that the behavior of the samples is well fitted with the pseudo-plastic Ostwald de Waele non-Newtonian model. The viscosity of the produced hybrid nano-lubricant is found to be 35% greater than that of pure engine oil. Because of the significant deviation between the measured viscosity and the values predicted by existing classical viscosity models, a new regression model is obtained. The R2 and adj. R2 for the model are computed as 0.988 and 0.977, respectively, signifying strong predictability with ± 3% margin of deviation.

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Abbreviations

a :

The distance between any two nanoparticles (m)

h :

Nanoparticle diameter (m)

K :

Structure-dependent parameters

m :

Consistency index

n :

Power-law index

t :

Structure-dependent parameter

T :

Temperature (°C)

w :

Mass (g)

\(\dot{\gamma }\) :

Shear rate (s−1)

µ :

Dynamic viscosity (poise)

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

τ :

Shear stress (dyne cm−2)

φ :

Nanoparticles volume fraction

bf:

Base fluid

nf:

Nanofluid

HB:

Herschel–Bulkley

OW:

Ostwald de Waele

Y:

Yield stress

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran

    Mousa Rejvani, Seyfolah Saedodin & Seyed Masoud Vahedi

  2. Gas Refining Technology Group, Gas Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI), Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Masoud Vahedi

  3. Fluid Mechanics, Thermal Engineering and Multiphase Flow Research Laboratory (FUTURE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology, Thonburi, Bangmod, Bangkok, Thailand

    Somchai Wongwises

  4. Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Sultan Endowment for Energy and Environment, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al-Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia

    Ali J. Chamkha

  5. RAK Research and Innovation Center, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, P.O. Box 10021, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates

    Ali J. Chamkha

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  1. Mousa Rejvani
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Rejvani, M., Saedodin, S., Vahedi, S.M. et al. Experimental investigation of hybrid nano-lubricant for rheological and thermal engineering applications. J Therm Anal Calorim 138, 1823–1839 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08225-5

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