Skip to main content
Log in

2D and 3D Terahertz Imaging and X-Rays CT for Sigillography Study

  • Published:
Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Seals are part of our cultural heritage but the study of these objects is limited because of their fragility. Terahertz and X-Ray imaging are used to analyze a collection of wax seals from the fourteenth to eighteenth centuries. In this work, both techniques are compared in order to discuss their advantages and limits and their complementarity for conservation state study of the samples. Thanks to 3D analysis and reconstructions, defects and fractures are detected with an estimation of their depth position. The path from the parchment tongue inside the seals is also detected.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Reference

  1. K. Fukunaga, Y. Ogawa, S. i. Hayashi, and I. Hosako, Application of terahertz spectroscopy for character recognition in a medieval manuscript, IEICE Electronics Express 5, 223–228 (2008).

  2. J. B. Jackson, M. Mourou, J. F. Whitaker, I. N. Duling, III, S. L. Williamson, M. Menu, and G. A. Mourou, “Terahertz imaging for non-destructive evaluation of mural paintings,” Opt. Commun. 281, 527–532 (2008).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. E. Abraham, A. Younus, A. El Fatimy, J.-C. Delagnes, E. Nguéma, and P. Mounaix, “Broadband terahertz imaging of documents written with lead pencils,” Opt. Commun. 282, 3104–3107 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. A. J. Adam, P. Planken, S. Meloni, and J. Dik, “TeraHertz imaging of hidden paint layers on canvas,” Optics Express 17, 3407–3416 (2009).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. K. Fukunaga, and M. Picollo, “Terahertz spectroscopy applied to the analysis of artists’ materials,” Applied Physics A 100, 591–597 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. L. Öhrström, A. Bitzer, M. Walther, and F. J. Rühli, “Technical note: Terahertz imaging of ancient mummies and bone,” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 142, 497–500 (2010).

  7. K. Fukunaga, and I. Hosako, “Innovative non-invasive analysis techniques for cultural heritage using terahertz technology,” Comptes Rendus Physique 11, 519–526 (2010).

  8. J. B. Jackson, J. Bowen, G. Walker, J. Labaune, G. Mourou, M. Menu, and K. Fukunaga, “A survey of terahertz applications in cultural heritage conservation science,” IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology 1, 220–231 (2011).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. K. Krügener, M. Schwerdtfeger, S. F. Busch, A. Soltani, E. Castro-Camus, M. Koch, and W. Viöl, “Terahertz meets sculptural and architectural art: Evaluation and conservation of stone objects with T-ray technology,” Scientific reports 5, 14842 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. J. P. Guillet, B. Recur, L. Frederique, B. Bousquet, L. Canioni, I. Manek-Hönninger, P. Desbarats, and P. Mounaix, “Review of Terahertz tomography techniques,” J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 35, 382–411 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. X. C. Zhang, “Three-dimensional terahertz wave imaging,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series a-Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences 362, 283–298 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. S. Wang, and X. Zhang, “Pulsed terahertz tomography,” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 37, R1 (2004).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. K. L. Nguyen, M. L. Johns, L. F. Gladden, C. H. Worrall, P. Alexander, H. E. Beere, M. Pepper, D. A. Ritchie, J. Alton, S. Barbieri, and E. H. Linfield, “Three-dimensional imaging with a terahertz quantum cascade laser,” Optics Express 14, 2123–2129 (2006).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Herrmann, F. Platte, K. Nalpantidis, R. Beigang, and H. M. Heise, “Combination of Kramers–Kronig transform and time-domain methods for the determination of optical constants in THz spectroscopy,” Vibrational Spectroscopy 60, 107–112 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. M. Fabre, Sceau médiéval: analyse d’une pratique culturelle (Editions L’Harmattan, 2001).

    Google Scholar 

  16. J. El Haddad, B. Bousquet, L. Canioni, and P. Mounaix, “Review in terahertz spectral analysis,” TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 44, 98–105 (2013).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. P. Mounaix, A. Younus, J.-C. Delagnes, E. Abraham, L. Canioni, and M. Fabre, “Spectroscopy and terahertz imaging for sigillography applications,” Journal of the European Optical Society-Rapid publications 6 (2011).

  18. A. Brahm, M. Kunz, S. Riehemann, G. Notni, and A. Tuennermann, “Volumetric spectral analysis of materials using terahertz-tomography techniques,” Applied Physics B-Lasers and Optics 100, 151–158 (2010).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. B. Recur, J.-P. Guillet, I. Manek-Hönninger, J.-C. Delagnes, W. Benharbone, P. Desbarats, J.-P. Domenger, L. Canioni, and P. Mounaix, “Propagation beam consideration for 3d thz computed tomography,” Optics express 20, 5817–5829 (2012).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. J. Perraud, A. Obaton, J. Bou-Sleiman, B. Recur, H. Balacey, F. Darracq, J. Guillet, and P. Mounaix, “Terahertz imaging and tomography as efficient instruments for testing polymer additive manufacturing objects,” Appl. Optics 55, 3462–3467 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. F. Ospald, W. Zouaghi, R. Beigang, C. Matheis, J. Jonuscheit, B. Recur, J.-P. Guillet, P. Mounaix, W. Vleugels, and P. V. Bosom, “Aeronautics composite material inspection with a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system,” Optical Engineering 53, 031208–031208 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. S. Fan, E. P. J. Parrott, B. S. Y. Ung, and E. Pickwell-MacPherson, “Calibration method to improve the accuracy of THz imaging and spectroscopy in reflection geometry,” Photon. Res. 4, A29-A35 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. M.Fabre, Collection d'empreintes de sceaux détachés et de moulages, Quimper, Archives départementales du Finistère, 2011.

  24. I. Takeuchi, K. Shimakura, H. Ohtake, J. Takayanagi, K. Tomoda, T. Nakajima, H. Terada, and K. Makino, “Nondestructive analysis of structure and components of tablet coated with film by the usage of terahertz time-domain reflection spectroscopy,” J Pharm Sci 103, 256–261 (2014).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. T. Löffler, K. Siebert, S. Czasch, T. Bauer, and H. G. Roskos, “Visualization and classification in biomedical terahertz pulsed imaging,” Physics in Medicine and Biology 47, 3847 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. H. Balacey, B. Recur, J.-B. Perraud, J. B. Sleiman, J.-P. Guillet, and P. Mounaix, “Advanced Processing Sequence for 3-D THz Imaging,” IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology 6, 191–198 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. R. Durand, J. Guillet, B. Recur, P. Mounaix, M. Fabre, and S. Genot, “X-ray versus 3D terahertz imaging for sigillography science,” in Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), 2013 38th International Conference on (IEEE2013), pp. 1–1.

  28. H. L. Ramandi, P. Mostaghimi, R. T. Armstrong, M. Saadatfar, and W. V. Pinczewski, “Porosity and permeability characterization of coal: a micro-computed tomography study,” International Journal of Coal Geology 154, 57–68 (2016).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We want to sincerely acknowledge Bruno Corre, Director of the Archives départementales du Finistère, for the facilities granted to this study. We also thank Dr Hélène Coquegniot from Pacea UMR 5199, for X-Ray micro CT measurements, and Sylvain Genot from Tomoadour company, for X-Ray CT measurements and discussions

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. Mounaix.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Fabre, M., Durand, R., Bassel, L. et al. 2D and 3D Terahertz Imaging and X-Rays CT for Sigillography Study. J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 38, 483–494 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-017-0356-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-017-0356-3

Keywords

Navigation