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Use of collagen and auricular cartilage in bioengineering: scaffolds for tissue regeneration

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Abstract

The aim of this study was the development of collagen and collagen/auricular cartilage scaffolds for application in dermal regeneration. Collagen was obtained from bovine tendon by a 72 h-long treatment, while bovine auricular cartilage was treated for 24 h and divided into two parts, external (perichondrium, E) and internal (elastic cartilage, I). The scaffolds were prepared by mixing collagen (C) with the internal part (CI) or the external part (CE) in a 3:1 ratio. Differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, microcomputed tomography imaging (micro-CT) and swelling degree were used to characterize the scaffolds. Cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and cell proliferation assays were performed using the cell line NIH/3T3. All samples presented a similar denaturation temperature (Td) around 48 °C, while CE presented a second Td at 51.2 °C. SEM micrographs showed superficial pores in all scaffolds and micro-CT exhibited interconnected pore spaces with porosity above 60% (sizes between 47 and 149 µm). The order of swelling was CE < CI < C and the scaffolds did not present cytotoxicity, showing attachment rates above 75%—all samples showed a similar pattern of proliferation until 168 h, whereas CI tended to decrease after this time. The scaffolds were easily obtained, biocompatible and had adequate morphology for cell growth. All samples showed high adhesion, whereas collagen-only and collagen/external part scaffolds presented a better cell proliferation rate and would be indicated for possible use in dermal regeneration.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the following Brazilian institutions: Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) (308076/2018-4 and 140215/2015-8); Centro de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Leopoldo Américo Miguez de Mello (Cenpes/Petrobras) (ANP 2014/00389-8); and International Atomic Energy Agency through the IAEA Research Contract No. 18283 (2014-2019). The authors thank the CETER multi-purpose irradiator group for sterilizing the samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interunit Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Lívia Contini Massimino & Ana Maria de Guzzi Plepis

  2. São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Virginia da Conceição Amaro Martins & Ana Maria de Guzzi Plepis

  3. Anatomy Laboratory, Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Jataí, GO, Brazil

    Valcinir Aloisio Scalla Vulcani

  4. São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Éverton Lucas de Oliveira, Mariane Barsi Andreeta & Tito José Bonagamba

  5. Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN/SP), São Paulo, Brazil

    Maria Fátima Guarizo Klingbeil & Monica Beatriz Mathor

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  1. Lívia Contini Massimino
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Correspondence to Lívia Contini Massimino.

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Massimino, L.C., da Conceição Amaro Martins, V., Vulcani, V.A.S. et al. Use of collagen and auricular cartilage in bioengineering: scaffolds for tissue regeneration. Cell Tissue Bank 25, 111–122 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10561-020-09861-0

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