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Effect of Nd:YAG laser irradiation, used as a desensitizing strategy, on bond strength to simulated hypersensitive dentin

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the effect of Nd:YAG laser irradiation as a prior desensitizing strategy on immediate and medium-term microtensile bond strength (µTBS) to simulated hypersensitive dentin.

Materials and methods

Flat mid-coronal dentin was obtained from third molars and submitted to a 600-grit SiC paper (1 min; N: normal dentin) or subsequently challenged with citric acid (6%, 1 min; H: simulated hypersensitive dentin). Afterwards, dentin was or was not (C: control; HC, NC — each n = 7) irradiated with Nd:YAG laser (L: laser; 1.0 W/10 Hz/100 mJ/4 irradiations of 50-60 s; HL, NL — each n = 7). A 2-step self-etch adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond) was applied and composite (Filtek Z350) buildups were constructed. After 24-h (distilled water/37 °C) storage, specimens were sectioned into beams and tested (µTBS; 0.5 mm/min) immediately or after 6-month aging. Three-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were applied (α = 0.05). Qualitative evaluation of the adhesive interface (n = 1 extra tooth per group) was performed by Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy.

Results

Substrate condition (p < 0.001), laser irradiation (p < 0.001), and aging (p = 0.002) influenced the results. Furthermore, there was interaction between substrate and irradiation (p < 0.001). Laser irradiation favored µTBS exclusively to hypersensitive dentin immediately and after aging. µTBS to hypersensitive dentin was higher than that to the normal substrate only when it was laser-irradiated. In any case, immediate µTBS was always higher than that after aging. CLSM revealed longer and more numerous resin tags for simulated hypersensitive dentin, and shorter and fewer resin tags for laser-irradiated dentin. No differences were observed in the hybrid layer itself.

Conclusion

Nd:YAG laser irradiation prior to restoration favored the µTBS of a self-etch adhesive and resin composite to hypersensitive dentin.

Clinical relevance

Desensitizing strategies are usually tried before performing restorative treatments in hypersensitive dentin; therefore, they may influence behavior of the adhesive interface established. However, instead of causing concern, Nd:YAG laser irradiation revealed a favorable effect on the aforementioned interface.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Taís Scaramucci, of the Department of Operative Dentistry — School of Dentistry/University of São Paulo, and Mario Costa Cruz, of the Center for Research Support Facilities (CEFAP) — University of São Paulo, for their support with the statistical analysis and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) imaging, respectively.

Funding

This work was supported in part by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil (USR Scholarship 152038/2015–9). Funding source had no involvement in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the article for publication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Dentistry, Department of Operative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil

    Karin Landmayer, Juliana Costa Veiga da Silva, Brunna Haddad Anhesini, Bruna de Oliveira Iatarola, Ana Cecília Correa Aranha & Luciana Fávaro Francisconi-dos-Rios

  2. School of Dentistry, Special Laboratory of Lasers in Dentistry (LELO), Department of Operative Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil

    Ana Cecília Correa Aranha

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Karin Landmayer contributed to conception, design, data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation. Juliana Costa Veiga da Silva and Brunna Haddad Anhesini contributed to conception, design, and mainly to data acquisition by working at the lab. Bruna de Oliveira Iatarola and Ana Cecília Correa Aranha contributed to conception and design. Finally, Luciana F. Francisconi-dos-Rios advised the first authors in conducting the entire project, being responsible for conception, design, data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation. All authors drafted and critically revised the manuscript, in addition to reading and approving the final version. All of them guarantee the accuracy and integrity of all parts of the work.

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Correspondence to Luciana Fávaro Francisconi-dos-Rios.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The Ethics Committee on Research (with human beings) approved the study providing the following protocol and assent numbers (CAAE 44486815.3.0000.0075; research project approval: assent #1.070.764; final report/results approval: assent #3.141.302).

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For this type of study, individual formal consent is not required. The Coordinator of the Human Teeth Bank (Permanent Teeth Division) of the main author’s institution signed an applicable declaration of commitment to provide fifty healthy, extracted human third molars, for the purpose of conducting the study.

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Landmayer, K., da Silva, J.C.V., Anhesini, B.H. et al. Effect of Nd:YAG laser irradiation, used as a desensitizing strategy, on bond strength to simulated hypersensitive dentin. Clin Oral Invest 26, 4109–4116 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04380-6

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