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Effects of asiatic acid, an active constituent in Centella asiatica (L.): restorative perspectives of streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced changes on lipid profile and lipid metabolic enzymes in diabetic rats

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Abstract

The present study was aimed to evaluate the restorative efficacy of asiatic acid (AA), an active constituent in Centella asiatica (L.) in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NAD)-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar albino rats were made diabetic with STZ-NAD administration and assessed the effect of AA (20, 30, and 40 mg/kg body weight per day, for 45 days) on body weight, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, lipid metabolic parameters in plasma and tissue (liver and kidney), and histopathology of liver in control and experimental diabetic rats. A significant (p < 0.05) increase in the concentrations of plasma and tissue lipids cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phospholipids and low-density and very low-density lipoproteins, and a decrease in the concentration of high-density lipoproteins were observed in diabetic rats. A significant elevation in the activity and expression of 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in plasma and tissue and a concomitant decline in the activity of plasma lipoprotein lipase and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase were observed in diabetic rats. The pathological abnormalities in plasma and tissues of diabetic rats were significantly ameliorated by AA supplementation for a period of 45 days and offered great support to the biochemical findings. AA also reduced the fat accumulation in the liver and protected from the hepatic steatosis. In conclusion, AA exhibited antidiabetic potential through extenuating hyperglycemic status, changing insulin resistance by alleviating metabolic dysregulation of lipid profile in both plasma and tissues.

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Author notes

  1. K. Swapna and V. V. Sathibabu Uddandrao contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Biological Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, K. S. Rangasamy College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Namakkal District, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, 637215, India

    K. Swapna, V. V. Sathibabu Uddandrao, S. Vadivukkarasi, P. R. Nivedha & Ganapathy Saravanan

  2. ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (NARFBR), Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India

    Brahmanaidu Parim, R. Ravindarnaik & P. Suresh

  3. Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641046, India

    Ponmurugan Ponnusamy

  4. College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, 15341, Saudi Arabia

    Santhanaraj Balakrishnan

  5. Department of Bio-Medical Engineering, Velalar College of Engineering and Technology, Thindal, Erode, Tamil Nadu, 638012, India

    Santhanaraj Balakrishnan

  6. ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India

    N. Harishankar & K. Prathap Reddy

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  1. K. Swapna
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  2. V. V. Sathibabu Uddandrao
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  3. Brahmanaidu Parim
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  6. Ponmurugan Ponnusamy
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  8. S. Vadivukkarasi
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  11. P. R. Nivedha
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  12. Ganapathy Saravanan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ganapathy Saravanan.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The protocol of this study was approved by the institutional animal ethical committee of Muthyammal College of Arts and Science (Approval No: IAEC/MCAS/05/2017), and experiments were carried out according to the guidelines of Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA), Government of India.

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Swapna, K., Sathibabu Uddandrao, V.V., Parim, B. et al. Effects of asiatic acid, an active constituent in Centella asiatica (L.): restorative perspectives of streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced changes on lipid profile and lipid metabolic enzymes in diabetic rats. Comp Clin Pathol 28, 1321–1329 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-019-02955-6

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