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Neuropsychological, clinical and environmental predictors of severe mental disorders in offspring of patients with schizophrenia

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Abstract

Offspring of individuals with schizophrenia (SZCOff) are at an increased risk for this disorder. Neuropsychological decline is a core feature of the disorder and researchers have reported increasing impairments in cognition during the prodromal phase in high-risk adolescents. Additionally, factors like the presence of prodromal symptoms or specific behavioral patterns could predict, together with neurocognitive functioning, the risk of conversion to severe mental disorders in SCZOff. This study aims to compare the neuropsychological functioning of a sample of 41 SCZOff children and adolescents and 105 community control offspring (CCOff) and to develop a prediction model to examine whether neuropsychological functioning, clinical and behavioral factors predict subsequent risk of severe mental disorders. We collected demographic, clinical and neuropsychological data. We found significant differences between groups in working memory, speed of processing, verbal memory and learning, visual memory and intelligence quotient (IQ). The socioeconomic status, verbal memory, working memory and positive prodromal symptoms predicted a significant proportion of the dependent variable variance. In conclusion, SCZOff showed neurocognitive impairments in several neuropsychological domains compared to CCOff. Neuropsychological functioning, environmental factors and positive prodromal symptoms could predict the risk of onset of severe mental disorders in SCZOff.

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Acknowledgements

We express all our thanks to the families who participated in the study. Dr. D. Moreno has been a consultant to or has received honoraria from Janssen Cilag, Shire and Rovi. Dr. Sanchez-Gutierrez has received a research grant from the Carlos III Health Institute. Dr. Sugranyes has received research grants from the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation and the Carlos III Health Institute. She has received research support from Janssen and Otsuka, educational support from Otsuka, and travel support from Adamed Pharma. Dr. Baeza has received honoraria and travel support from Otsuka and Janssen. Dr. Calvo has received a predoctoral fellowship award from Gobierno de La Rioja, a Fellowship Award for short-term placements from the Health Research Institute of Hospital Gregorio Marañon (IiSGM) and a grant for short-term placements from the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation. Dr. C. Moreno has served as a consultant to Janssen, Servier, and Lundbeck. Dr. Rodríguez-Toscano has received a research grant from the Carlos III Health Institute. Drs. Llorente, Romero, Espliego, de la Serna, Sánchez-Gistau and Castro-Fornieles have declared that they do not have conflicts of interest in relation to the subject of this study.

Funding

This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness; Carlos III Health Institute [PI070066, PI1100683, PI15/00810]; and Catalonia Government [DIUE 2014SGR489]; co-financed by ERDF Funds from the European Commission, “A way of making Europe”; CIBERSAM; Madrid Regional Government [S2010/BMD-2422 AGES]; European Union Structural Funds and European Union Seventh Framework Program and H2020 Program; the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation and the Mutua Madrileña Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja (UNIR), Madrid, Spain

    Teresa Sánchez-Gutiérrez & Ana Calvo

  2. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain

    Teresa Sánchez-Gutiérrez, Elisa Rodríguez-Toscano, Cloe Llorente, Carmen Moreno, Ana Calvo, Ana Espliego & Dolores Moreno

  3. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, 2017SGR88, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Elena de la Serna, Gisela Sugranyes, Soledad Romero, Immaculada Baeza, Vanessa Sánchez-Gistau & Josefina Castro-Fornieles

  4. Biomedical Research Networking Centre Consortium (CIBERSAM), August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain

    Elena de la Serna, Gisela Sugranyes, Soledad Romero, Immaculada Baeza, Vanessa Sánchez-Gistau & Josefina Castro-Fornieles

  5. Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Soledad Romero, Immaculada Baeza & Josefina Castro-Fornieles

  6. Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain

    Elisa Rodríguez-Toscano

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  1. Teresa Sánchez-Gutiérrez
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  2. Elisa Rodríguez-Toscano
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  9. Immaculada Baeza
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Correspondence to Teresa Sánchez-Gutiérrez.

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Sánchez-Gutiérrez, T., Rodríguez-Toscano, E., Llorente, C. et al. Neuropsychological, clinical and environmental predictors of severe mental disorders in offspring of patients with schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 270, 739–748 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-019-01044-7

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