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Expression of Janus Kinase 1 in vitiligo & psoriasis before and after narrow band UVB: a case–control study

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Abstract

Janus kinases (JAKs) are non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases that are expressed in many tissues. Once the JAKs are activated, a cascade of further signaling events is triggered involving phosphorylation of selected receptor chain tyrosines, binding of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins and phosphorylation of these STATs. Due to their ability to selectively modulate immune function, targeted JAK inhibitors are promising candidates for some skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. The aim of this study was to assess the level of JAK1 in both vitiligo and psoriasis patients before and after treatment with NB-UVB which is considered a gold standard therapy for both diseases. This study was conducted on 10 patients with psoriasis, 10 patients with vitiligo and 10 controls. JAK1 levels before and after treatment with NB-UVB 311 nm (36 sessions) were measured using Western blot assay. The level of JAK1 was significantly higher in vitiligo and psoriasis patients than controls. There was a decline in the level of JAK1 after treatment, which was statistically significant. VASI and PASI scores of patients decreased after treatment with NB-UVB. In psoriatic patients, the JAK1 level positively correlated with the female participants, disease duration and PASI change. It was concluded that JAK1 plays a role in the pathogenesis of both vitiligo and psoriasis based on its upregulated level before treatment and downregulated level after treatment. This raises the possibility of using the JAK1 inhibitors as targeted immunotherapy for vitiligo and psoriasis.

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Abbreviations

CCL:

C-C motif chemokine ligand

CNTF-R:

Ciliary neurotrophic factor-receptor

CXCL:

Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand

IFN-R:

Interferon receptor

IL:

Interleukin

JAK:

Janus kinase

LIF-R:

Leukemia inhibitory factor-receptor

NB-UVB:

Narrow band ultraviolet B

NNT-1R/BSF3R:

Novel neurotrophin-1/B cell-stimulating factor-3 receptor

OSM-R/ CT-1R:

Oncostatin M/Cardiotrophin-1-receptor

PASI:

Psoriasis area and severity index

PTK:

Protein tyrosine kinase

STAT:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

Th17:

T helper17

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

TYK:

Tyrosine kinase

VASI:

Vitiligo area and severity index

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Correspondence to Maha Fathy Elmasry.

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All the authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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The authors did not receive any external funding for this work.

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All procedures performed in the study were in accordance to the ethical standards of the Dermatology Research Ethical Committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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A written informed consent was obtained from each patient for the participation in the study and photography.

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Nada, H.R., El Sharkawy, D.A., Elmasry, M.F. et al. Expression of Janus Kinase 1 in vitiligo & psoriasis before and after narrow band UVB: a case–control study. Arch Dermatol Res 310, 39–46 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-017-1792-6

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