Abstract
We report the effect of growth temperature on the characteristics of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) synthesized by using a hydrothermal process. As the temperature was increased in the range of 70 − 200 °C, the diameter of the ZnO NRs varied from 20 to 45 nm, which might be associated with the fusing process. The samples grown at temperatures greater than 150 °C exhibited tower-like tips originating from repeated secondary anisotropic growth to minimize the surface energy by eliminating the polar (002) planes. We also observed that a secondary anisotropic growth occurred simultaneously, with no disturbance of the atomic arrangement, and that the diameters of the tower-like NRs converged to approximately 20 nm.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. C. Look, B. Claflin, Ya. I. Alivov and S. J. Park, Phys. Stat. Sol. (a) 201, 2203 (2004).
U. Ozgur, Y. I. Alivov, C. Liu, A. Teke, M. A. Reshchikov, S. Dogan, V. Avrutin, S-J. Cho and H. Morkoc, J. Appl. Phys. 98, 141301 (2005).
T. Pauporté, D. Lincot, B. Viana and F. Pellé, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 233112 (2006).
M. H. Huang, Y. Wu, H. Feick, N. Tran, E. Weber and P. Yang, Adv. Mater. 13, 113 (2001).
L. E. Greene, M. Law, J. Goldberger, F. Kim, J. C. Jhonson, Y. Zhang, R. J. Saykally and P. Yang, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 42, 3031 (2003).
Y. Zhang, R. E. Russo and S. S. Mao, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 133115 (2005).
C. H. Ahn, S. K. Mohanta, N. E. Lee and H. K. Cho, Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 261904 (2009).
Y. Li, G. Duan, G. Liu and W. Cai, Chem. Soc. Rev. 42, 3614 (2013).
H. M. Chen et al., ACS Nano 6, 7362 (2012).
J. X. Wang, X. W. Sun, Y. Yang, H. Huang, Y. C. Lee, O. K. Tan and L. Vayssieres, Nanotechnology 17, 4995 (2006).
H. Hu, X. Huang, C. Deng, X. Chen and Y. Qian, Mater. Chem. Phys. 106, 58 (2007).
M. C. Akgun, Y. E. Kalay and H. E. Unalan, J. Mater. Res. 27, 1445 (2012).
C. Xu and D. Gao, J. Phys. Chem. C 116, 7236 (2012).
H. Zhitao, L. Sisi, C. Kinkui and C. Yong, J. Semicond. 34, 063002 (2013).
J. M. Wu, Y.-R. Chen and Y.-H. Lin, Nanoscale 3, 1053 (2011).
S. I. Park, T. S. Cho, S. J. Doh, J. L. Lee and J. H. Je, Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 349 (2000).
N. Wang, Y. Cai and R. Q. Zhang, Mater. Sci. Eng. R 60, 1 (2008).
S. Baruah and J. Dutta, J. Sol-Gel. Sci. Technol. 50, 456 (2009).
D. Y. Kim, S.-O. Kim, M. S. Kim, K. G. Yim. J.-Y. Leem, S. Kim and D.-Y. Lee, J. Korean Phys. Soc. 60, 94 (2012).
X. Zhou, Y. Zhou, J. C. Ku, C. Zhang and C. A. Mirkin, ACS Nano 8, 1511 (2014).
M. K. Dawood, H. Zheng, N. A. Kurniawan, K. C. Leong, Y. L Foo, R. Rajagopalan, S. A. Khan and W. K. Choi, Soft Matter 8, 3549 (2012).
P. Hu, Y. Liu, X. Wang, L. Fu and D. Zhu, Chem. Commun. 1304 (2003).
D. Deng, S. T. Martin and S. Ramanathan, Nanoscale 2, 2685 (2010).
Y. Yan, X. Wang, H. Chen, L. Zhou, X. Cao and J. Zhang, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 46, 155304 (2013).
Z. Zhang et al., J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 8566 (2006).
Z. Wang, X. Qian, J. Yin and Z. Zhu, J. Solid State Chem. 177, 2144 (2004).
L. Xu. Y. Su, Y. Chen, H. Xiao, L. Zhu, Q. Zhou and S. Li, J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 6637 (2006).
Y. Dai, Y. Zhang, Y. Q. Bai and Z. L. Wang, Chem. Phys. Lett. 375, 96 (2003).
T. C. Damen, S. P. S. Porto and B. Tell, Phys. Rev. 142, 570 (1966).
N. Xu, Y. Cui, Z. Hu, W. Yu, J. Sun, N. Xu and J. Wu, Opt. Exp. 20, 14857 (2012).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kim, J.H., Lee, M.S. & Kang, H.C. Tower-like ZnO nanorods synthesized by using a hydrothermal process. Journal of the Korean Physical Society 66, 229–233 (2015). https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.66.229
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3938/jkps.66.229