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A Method to Analyze Urinary Extracellular Vesicles

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Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in cell-to-cell communication by carrying molecular messages that reflect physiological and pathological conditions of the parent cells. EVs have been identified in all body fluids; and among them, urine stands out as a sample that is easy and inexpensive to obtain and can be collected over time to monitor changes. Various protocols have been established to study urinary extracellular vesicles (UEVs) and they have shown great potential as a biomarker source for clinical applications, not only for urological, but also non-urological diseases. Due to the high variability and low reproducibility of pre-analytical and analytical methods for UEVs, establishing a standardized protocol remains a challenge in the field of diagnosis. Here, we review UEV studies and present the techniques that are most commonly used, those that have been applied as new developments, and those that have the most potential for future applications. The workflow procedures from the sampling step to the qualitative and quantitative analysis steps are summarized along with advantages and disadvantages of the methodologies, in order to give consideration for choosing the most promising and suitable method to analyze human UEVs.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by PRESTO (JPMJPR19H9), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A) 17H04803, the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) 18H05243, the JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) 16H02091, the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas “Chemistry for Multimolecular Crowding Biosystems” 17H06354, a research granted from The Murata Science Foundation, Advanced Technology Institute Research Grants 2019, Foundation of Public Interest of Tatematsu, and The Nitto Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan

    Piyawan Paisrisarn, Takao Yasui & Yoshinobu Baba

  2. Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan

    Takao Yasui

  3. Institute of Nano-Life-Systems, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan

    Takao Yasui & Yoshinobu Baba

  4. Institute of Quantum Life Science, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan

    Yoshinobu Baba

Authors
  1. Piyawan Paisrisarn
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  2. Takao Yasui
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  3. Yoshinobu Baba
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Correspondence to Takao Yasui.

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Paisrisarn, P., Yasui, T. & Baba, Y. A Method to Analyze Urinary Extracellular Vesicles. ANAL. SCI. 36, 791–798 (2020). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.20R001

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.20R001

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