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Saliva Preparation Method Exploration for ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy: Towards Bio-fluid Based Disease Diagnosis

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Abstract

Saliva has garnered a lot of interest as a non-invasive, easy to collect, and biochemical rich sample for attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) based disease diagnosis. Although a large number of studies have explored its potential, the preparation methods used differ greatly. For large scale clinical studies to aid translation into clinics, the collection/processing methodology needs to be standardized. Therefore, in this study, we explored different saliva collection (spitting, method A/cotton soaking, method B) and processing protocols (unprepared, TS; supernatant from the centrifugation, CS; and drying, C) to find which gives the best ATR-FTIR signals. Analysis showed highest proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, and nucleic acid + proteins/lipids in BTS, BCS, ACS, and BC, respectively. Notably, only BC shows a 1377 cm−1 nucleic acid band that is also uniquely identified in multivariate analysis. We conclude that the collection-processing protocol should be based on a biochemical component that best gives a differential diagnosis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Coordenaçào de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the Breno Pupin scholarship (CAPES PNPD 20132078-330510110009P0), Daniele Riêra Paschotto (CAPES, PROSUC, Financing Code 001) and Tanmoy T. Bhattacharjee (PNPD/CAPES/ 2016) scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Dentistry and Applied Materials (LDAM), Research and Development Institute (IP & D), Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Daniele Riêra Paschotto & Luís Eduardo Silva Soares

  2. Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Research and Development Institute (IP & D), Universidade do Vale do Paraiba, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Breno Pupin

  3. Sir John Walsh Research Institute, 310 Great King Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand

    Tanmoy T. Bhattacharjee

Authors
  1. Daniele Riêra Paschotto
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  2. Breno Pupin
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  3. Tanmoy T. Bhattacharjee
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  4. Luís Eduardo Silva Soares
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Correspondence to Luís Eduardo Silva Soares.

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Paschotto, D.R., Pupin, B., Bhattacharjee, T.T. et al. Saliva Preparation Method Exploration for ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy: Towards Bio-fluid Based Disease Diagnosis. ANAL. SCI. 36, 1059–1064 (2020). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.20P029

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.20P029

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