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An interprovincial comparison of unintentional childhood injury rates in Canada for the period 2006–2012

  • Quantitative Research
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Canadian Journal of Public Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

To perform an interprovincial comparison of unintentional population-based injury hospitalization and death rates for Canadian children ages 0–19 years and compare trends between 2006 and 2012.

Methods

Annual population-based hospitalization rates per 100,000 from unintentional injuries were calculated for children/youth (< 19 years) using data from the Discharge Abstract Database between 2006 and 2012. Annual mortality rates were analyzed using provincial coronial data. The mean annual change in the rate of hospitalizations due to unintentional injuries was reported for each province.

Results

The average annual rate of hospital admissions for unintentional injuries was 305.10 per 100,000 population between 2006 and 2012, and this decreased by − 11.91 over time (p < 0.01, − 15.85; − 7.77). Saskatchewan had the highest average annual morbidity rate (550.76 per 100,000) from all unintentional causes, and Ontario had the lowest average annual rate (238.89 per 100,000). Saskatchewan had the highest average annual rate for all subcauses except for drowning. Ontario was the only province with an average annual injury morbidity rate that was consistently below the Canadian average. The average annual mortality rate from all unintentional injury was highest in Saskatchewan (17.51 per 100,000) and lowest in Ontario (5.99 per 100,000) when compared to Canada (7.97 per 100,000).

Conclusion

Injury prevention policies vary considerably among provinces. Although the unintentional injury hospitalization rate is decreasing over time, some subcauses such as choking/suffocation have shown an increase in certain provinces. Evidence-based childhood injury prevention policies, such as playground equipment safety and four-sided pool fencing among others, should be standardized across Canada.

Résumé

Objectifs

Effectuer une comparaison interprovinciale des taux d’hospitalisation et de mortalité dus aux blessures non intentionnelles dans la population des enfants canadiens de 0 à 19 ans et comparer les tendances entre 2006 et 2012.

Méthode

Les taux d’hospitalisation annuels p. 100 000 habitants dus aux blessures non intentionnelles ont été calculés pour les enfants et les jeunes (< 19 ans) à l’aide des données de la Base de données sur les congés des patients pour la période de 2006 à 2012. Les taux de mortalité annuels ont été analysés à l’aide des données des coroners provinciaux. Le changement annuel moyen du taux d’hospitalisation pour blessures non intentionnelles a été déclaré pour chaque province.

Résultats

Le taux annuel moyen d’hospitalisation pour blessures non intentionnelles a été de 305,10 p. 100 000 entre 2006-2012 et a diminué de -11,91 avec le temps (p < 0,01, -15,85; -7,77). La Saskatchewan a affiché le taux annuel moyen de morbidité le plus élevé (550,76 p. 100 000), toutes causes non intentionnelles confondues, et l’Ontario, le taux annuel moyen le plus faible (238,89 p. 100 000). La Saskatchewan a présenté le taux annuel moyen le plus élevé pour toutes les causes secondaires sauf les noyades. L’Ontario a été la seule province où le taux annuel moyen de morbidité était systématiquement en deçà de la moyenne canadienne. Le taux annuel moyen de mortalité pour l’ensemble des blessures non intentionnelles a été le plus élevé en Saskatchewan (17,51 p. 100 000) et le plus faible en Ontario (5,99 p. 100 000) par rapport à la moyenne canadienne (7,97 p. 100 000).

Conclusion

Les politiques de prévention des blessures varient considérablement d’une province à l’autre. Bien que le taux d’hospitalisation pour blessures non intentionnelles ait diminué au fil du temps, certaines causes secondaires, comme l’étouffement/la suffocation, sont en hausse dans certaines provinces. Les politiques de prévention des blessures chez les enfants fondées sur les preuves, entre autres les politiques sur la sécurité des équipements de jeu et sur les clôtures à quatre côtés autour des piscines, devraient être normalisées à l’échelle du Canada.

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Acknowledgements

A.M. is supported by CIHR - Chairs in Reproductive and Child Health Services and Policy Research (#FRN 126341).

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Correspondence to Liraz Fridman.

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Fridman, L., Fraser-Thomas, J., Pike, I. et al. An interprovincial comparison of unintentional childhood injury rates in Canada for the period 2006–2012. Can J Public Health 109, 573–580 (2018). https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-018-0112-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-018-0112-z

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