Abstract
Red, white, blue, green, and yellow lights were applied to investigate their effects on folate accumulation in wheat seedlings. The different lights, especially red light, significantly increased the total folate content. Total folate showed maximum accumulation under 30 µmol/(m2·s) of red light, with an increase of 24% compared with the control (darkness). 5-Methyl-tetrahydrofolate (5-CH3-THF) was the dominant folate component, and was significantly increased by red light irradiation. In addition, under red light, the folate content of leaves was higher and more sensitive to light than that of endosperm or roots. Red light up-regulated the expression of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase 1 (GCH1) and aminodeoxychorismate synthase (ADCS), enhanced the activity of GCH1 and ADCS, and increased the content of precursors of folate synthesis, including pterin and p-aminobenzoic acid (pABA). Hence, the increased folate accumulation promoted by light could be attributed to the increased content of folate synthesis precursors, the activity of key enzymes, and related gene expression.
摘要
目的
本研究旨在寻找刺激叶酸合成的最佳光谱和强度, 并阐明红光调控小麦芽苗叶酸积累的机制.
创新点
在小麦芽苗生长过程中使用不同的光谱(白色、红色、蓝色、绿色和黄色)处理, 发现了刺激叶酸合成的最佳光谱和强度, 通过研究叶酸分布、叶酸生物合成中前体、酶和基因表达, 进一步阐明了红光调控小麦芽苗叶酸积累的机制.
方法
小麦种子在25 °C下避光发芽2天后, 第3天开始用30 μmol/(m2∙s)的LED白光、红光(655 nm峰值)、蓝光(445 nm峰值)、绿光(520 nm峰值)和黄光(595 nm峰值)照射培养4天。光周期为16小时光照和8小时黑暗。在光照强度实验中, 光照强度设置为0、15、30、45或60 μmol/(m2∙s)。通过测定叶酸含量找出刺激叶酸合成的最佳光谱和强度。进一步研究最佳光照下小麦芽苗中叶酸分布、叶酸生物合成中前体、酶和基因表达.
结论
发芽和光处理增加了小麦芽苗叶酸的积累, 30 μmol/(m2∙s)红光照射下叶酸积累最多。红光促进小麦芽苗叶酸的积累主要表现在叶片中, 尤其增加5-CH3-THF含量。此外, 红光上调了叶酸合成相关基因表达, 导致叶酸合成关键酶活性和前体含量的增加。
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31871725), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. KYYZ202004), the Zhenjiang Key R&D Plan (No. NY2020021), and the Priority Academic Program Development (PAPD) of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China.
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Jianwei CHANG performed the experimental research and data analysis, and wrote and edited the manuscript. Zhenxin GU performed the experimental research and data analysis. Runqiang YANG contributed to the study design. Chong XIE, Pei WANG, and Yongbin HAN contributed to the study design, writing and editing of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript, and therefore, have full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity and security of the data.
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Jianwei CHANG, Chong XIE, Pei WANG, Zhenxin GU, Yongbin HAN, and Runqiang YANG declare that they have no conflict of interest.
This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.
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Supplementary methods; Tables S1 and S2; Fig. S1
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Chang, J., Xie, C., Wang, P. et al. Red light enhances folate accumulation in wheat seedlings. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 22, 906–916 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2100266
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2100266