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Experimental study on the dynamic behaviour of expanded-shale lightweight concrete at high strain rate

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Abstract

Expanded-shale lightweight concrete (ESLWC) has promising application in large-span bridges, high-rise buildings and offshore structures, owing to its advantages of conserving energy, structural efficiency and good durability. This paper experimentally investigates the dynamic behaviour of ESLWC by using Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) tests with a large bar diameter of 155 mm. The SHPB tests are conducted on eight ESLWC specimens with different static compressive strengths (50 and 60 MPa) and impact loads. The results show that the failure mode of ESLWC is represented by crushing into small fragments. As the static strength increases, the dynamic compressive strength of ESLWC increases, but the dynamic-to-static strength ratio (DIF) decreases. The type of lightweight aggregates has a great effect on DIF. A calculation method for predicting DIF of ESLWC under different strain rates is proposed. The stress–strain relationship of ESLWC under a strain rate less than 40 s−1 can be divided into three stages: linear elastic, yield platform and brittle failure. The yield platform stage vanishes for higher strain rates. The energy absorption capacity of ESLWC under impact loading is greater than that of normal weight concrete, other types of LWC and fibre reinforced concrete. It increases as the concrete strength and strain rate increase. The microstructure of ESLWC is investigated using Scanning Electron Microscope, and it is found that the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) and lightweight aggregates have a significant effect on the dynamic behaviour of ESLWC. The former has a dominant effect for strain rates ranging between 40 and 80 s−1 as micro-cracks develop along ITZ and perimeter of lightweight aggregates. While the lightweight aggregates govern the dynamic behaviour for higher strain rates between 80 and 100 s−1, because of development penetration of cracks in the lightweight aggregates.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledgment the State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering (in Nanjing, China) for performing the SEM analyses on concrete.

Funding

This study was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China [Project number: 51678294; 52078478].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(S), Nanjing, 211816, China

    Yong Du, Hong-hui Qi & J. Y. Richard Liew

  2. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmental Impact and Structural Safety in Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Jian Jiang

  3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 119077, Singapore

    Yong Du & J. Y. Richard Liew

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  1. Yong Du
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Correspondence to Jian Jiang.

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Du, Y., Qi, Hh., Jiang, J. et al. Experimental study on the dynamic behaviour of expanded-shale lightweight concrete at high strain rate. Mater Struct 55, 4 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-021-01846-z

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