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Room Temperature Synthesis of Highly Magnetic Cobalt Nanoparticles by Continuous Flow in a Microfluidic Reactor

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Abstract

Cobalt nanoparticles were synthesized using continuous-flow (CF) chemistry in a stainless steel microreactor for the first time at high output based on the ethanol hydrazine alkaline system (EHAS) producing a yield as high as 1 g per hour [1, 2]. Continuous-flow (CF) synthetic chemistry provides uninterrupted product formation allowing for advantages including decreased preparation time, improved product quality, and greater efficiency. This successful synthetic framework in continuous-flow of magnetic Co nanoparticles indicates feasibility for scaled-up production. The average particle size by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of the as-synthesized cobalt was 30±10 nm, average crystallite size by Scherrer analysis (fcc phase) was 15±2 nm, and the estimated magnetic core size was 6±1 nm. Elemental surface analysis (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy [XPS]) indicates a thin CoO surface layer. Assynthesized cobalt nanoparticles possessed a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 125±1 emu/g and coercivity (Hc) of 120±5 Oe. The actual Ms is expected to be greater since the as-synthesized cobalt mass was not weight-corrected (nonmagnetic mass: reaction by-products, solvent, etc.). Our novel high-output, continuous-flow production (>1 g/hr) of highly magnetic cobalt nanoparticles opens an avenue toward industrial-scale production of several other single element magnetic nanomaterials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA

    Dustin M. Clifford, Ahmed A. El-Gendy, Amos J. Lu, Dmitry Pestov & Everett E. Carpenter

  2. Nanotechnology and Nanometrology Laboratory, National Institute for Standards, (NIS), Giza, 12211, Egypt

    Ahmed A. El-Gendy

Authors
  1. Dustin M. Clifford
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  2. Ahmed A. El-Gendy
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  3. Amos J. Lu
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  4. Dmitry Pestov
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  5. Everett E. Carpenter
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ahmed A. El-Gendy or Everett E. Carpenter.

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Clifford, D.M., El-Gendy, A.A., Lu, A.J. et al. Room Temperature Synthesis of Highly Magnetic Cobalt Nanoparticles by Continuous Flow in a Microfluidic Reactor. J Flow Chem 4, 148–152 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1556/JFC-D-14-00013

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/JFC-D-14-00013

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