Abstract
In this study, we employed electron microscopy to investigate the cytogenetic and embryologic mechanisms of parthenogenesis induced in the 1BL/1RS male sterile lines of wheat. Analysis of the root tips and acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that all of the male sterile lines and their maintainer lines were 1BL/1RS translocation lines, whereas the restorer lines were non-1BL/1RS translocation lines. Furthermore, the chromosomes of 1BL/1RS wheat lines with T. aestivum cytoplasm and Aegilops cytoplasm (include Ae. kotschyi, Ae. ventricosa, Ae. variabilis) paired abnormally at different rates during meiotic metaphase I (MMI). The translocated segment size of the 1RS chromosome and the specific nuclear—alloplasm interaction impaired the pairing of homologous chromosome in the background of the specific Aegilops cytoplasm at MMI. In addition, the frequency of abnormal chromosomal pairing was directly affected by the frequency of haploid production induced by parthenogenesis. The results of this study provide significant insights into the mechanism of parthenogenesis, which is probably due to the abnormal fertilization of synergid cells in alloplasmic 1BL/1RS wheat.
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Abbreviations
- AC:
-
antipodal cell
- APAGE:
-
acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- EC:
-
egg cell
- MM:
-
meiotic metaphase
- PMC:
-
pollen mother cell
- PN:
-
polar nuclei
- SE:
-
synergid embryo
- SY:
-
synergid
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Acknowledgements
The research was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2011AA10A106), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31171611 and 31371697), The Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Special Projects of Shaanxi (2014KTZB02-01-02), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2452013QN110), Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2015JQ3086), Cyrus Tang Foundation of North West A&F University and the National Support Program of China (2015BA027801).
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Niu, N., Song, Y.L., Wei, F. et al. Cytogenetic and Embryologic Analyses of the Mechanism of Parthenogenesis Induced by 1BL/1RS Male Sterile Lines in Wheat. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 44, 187–197 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1556/0806.43.2015.052
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1556/0806.43.2015.052