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Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using cell-free extract of Bacillus safensis LAU 13: antimicrobial, free radical scavenging and larvicidal activities

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Abstract

The cell-free extract of Bacillus safensis LAU 13 strain (GenBank accession No: KJ461434) was used for green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). Characterization of Ag-NPs was carried out using UV-VIS spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Evaluation of synthesized Ag-NPs as antimicrobial agents was done using multi-drug resistant clinical isolates as well as their synergistic effects when combined with some selected antibiotics. Furthermore, potential of Ag-NPs as antimicrobial additives in paint was demonstrated. The Ag-NPs have maximum absorbance at 419 nm, with peaks at 3308, 2359, 1636, and 422 cm-1, indicating that proteins were the capping and stabilisation molecules in the synthesis of Ag-NPs. The particles were spherical shaped having size of 5–95 nm, with silver as the prominent metal from the energy dispersive X-ray analysis, while selected area electron diffraction pattern agrees well with the crystalline nature and face-centred cubic phase of Ag-NPs. Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella granulomatis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was achieved at 100 μg/mL. Improvement of activities of augmentin, ofloxacin and cefixime to the tune of 7.4-142.9% was achieved in synergistic study, while total inhibitions of P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus were achieved in Ag-NPs-paint admixture. The Ag-NPs showed potent antioxidant and larvicidal activities with IC50 and LC50 of 15.99 and 42.19 μg/mL, respectively. The present study demonstrated that the biosynthesized Ag-NPs have potent biological activities, which can find applications in diverse areas. The report adds to the growing biotechnological relevance of B. safensis.

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Abbreviations

Ag-NPs:

silver nanoparticles

DPPH:

2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared

TEM:

transmission electron microscopy

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria

    Agbaje Lateef, Sunday A. Ojo & Abiola S. Akinwale

  2. Department of Chemical Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria

    Luqmon Azeez

  3. Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pieter-maritzburg, 3209, South Africa

    Evariste B. Gueguim-Kana

  4. Microscopy and Microanalysis Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa

    Lorika S. Beukes

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  1. Agbaje Lateef
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  2. Sunday A. Ojo
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  3. Abiola S. Akinwale
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  4. Luqmon Azeez
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  5. Evariste B. Gueguim-Kana
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Correspondence to Agbaje Lateef.

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Lateef, A., Ojo, S.A., Akinwale, A.S. et al. Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using cell-free extract of Bacillus safensis LAU 13: antimicrobial, free radical scavenging and larvicidal activities. Biologia 70, 1295–1306 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2015-0164

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