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Shell-model description of nuclear isomers

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Abstract

I review the origins of gamma-decay isomers starting within a spherical shell-model basis. Some isomers can be directly connected to the attractive proton–neutron interaction that gives rise to low-lying aligned states with a large \( J_{{{\text{min}}}} - J_{{{\text{max}}}} \) gap. These two-particle isomers give rise multi-particle configurations with large J-gaps. The attractive \( T=1 \) paring-type interactions between two protons or two neutron give rise to a close spacing between the high-lying states with \( J_{{{\text{max}}}} \) and \( J_{{{\text{max}}}} -2 \). The multi-particle configurations obtained with a pairing-type interaction can be classified by the seniority quantum number. Seniority selection rules for reduced matrix elements provide another source for isomers. Isomers can also be traced to the j-gaps in the single-particle energies obtained by realistic single-particle potentials.

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Data availability

Theoretical data sets shown in the current study can be generated with the NuShellx code [5], and are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The author acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY-2110365.

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  1. Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1321, USA

    B. Alex Brown

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  1. B. Alex Brown
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Correspondence to B. Alex Brown.

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Alex Brown, B. Shell-model description of nuclear isomers. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-024-01137-y

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