Abstract
The ligand-protected Au13 clusters have been synthesized by using meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid as the reducing and stabilizing agent. Transmission electron microscopic analysis shows a size distribution of 1.4 ± 0.6 nm. Optical spectrum shows an absorbance peak at 390 nm. The electrical transport measurement devices are fabricated using the electro-migration method. Coulomb blockade is observed at the temperature of 1.6 K, revealing the formation of the tunneling junction. The Coulomb oscillation’s on/off ratio is nearly 5. Three peaks are extracted in the dI/dV data and attributed to the energy levels of Au13 clusters, gapped by about 60 meV. First principle calculations are carried out to interpret the energy diagram.
Graphical abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R.S. McCoy, S. Choi, G. Collins, B.J. Ackerson, C.J. Ackerson, ACS Nano 7, 2610 (2013)
M. Turner, V.B. Golovko, O.P.H. Vaughan, P. Abdulkin, A. Berenguer-Murcia, M.S. Tikhov, R.M. Lambert, Nature 454, 981 (2008)
S. Antonello, A.H. Holm, E. Instuli, F. Maran, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129, 9836 (2007)
D. Lee, R.L. Donkers, G. Wang, A.S. Harper, R.W. Murray, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126, 6193 (2004)
X. Wang, X. Pan, M. Gao, J. Yu, J. Jiang, J. Zhang, R. Zhang, Adv. Electron. Mater. 2, 1600228 (2016)
M. Yun, D.W. Mueller, M. Hossain, V. Misra, S. Gangopadhyay, IEEE Electron Dev. Lett. 30, 1362 (2009)
Z. Liu, C. Lee, V. Narayanan, G. Pei, E.C. Kan, IEEE Trans. Electron Dev. 49, 1606 (2002)
M. Yun, B. Ramalingam, S. Gangopadhyay, J. Electrochem. Soc. 159, H393 (2012)
Z. Haisheng, A. Mohamed, M. Somik, J.M. Cherian, G. Keshab, K.W.Y. Joel, G. Shubhra, Nanotechnology 26, 355204 (2015)
M.A. Watzky, R.G. Finke, Chem. Mater. 9, 3083 (1997)
H. Tsunoyama, T. Tsukuda, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 18216 (2009)
W.D. Knight, K. Clemenger, W.A. de Heer, W.A. Saunders, M.Y. Chou, M.L. Cohen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 52, 2141 (1984)
T. Huang, R.W. Murray, J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 12498 (2001)
S. Link, A. Beeby, S. FitzGerald, M.A. El-Sayed, T.G. Schaaff, R.L. Whetten, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 3410 (2002)
M. Gruber, G. Heimel, L. Romaner, J.-L. Brédas, E. Zojer, Phys. Rev. B 77, 165411 (2008)
M. Okumura, Y. Kitagawa, T. Kawakami, M. Haruta, Chem. Phys. Lett. 459, 133 (2008)
Y. Shichibu, K. Suzuki, K. Konishi, Nanoscale 4, 4125 (2012)
X. Wu, Y.J. Dong, Struct. Chem. 26, 393 (2015)
Y. Shichibu, K. Konishi, Small 6, 1216 (2010)
B. Fresch, E. Hanozin, F. Dufour, F. Remacle, Eur. Phys. J. D 66, 326 (2012)
M. Sugiuchi, Y. Shichibu, T. Nakanishi, Y. Hasegawa, K. Konishi, Chem. Commun. 51, 13519 (2015)
G. Shafai, S. Hong, M. Bertino, T.S. Rahman, J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 12072 (2009)
B.A. Collings, K. Athanassenas, D. Lacombe, D.M. Rayner, P.A. Hackett, J. Chem. Phys. 101, 3506 (1994)
Y. Negishi, T. Tsukuda, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 4046 (2003)
D.L. Klein, P.L. McEuen, J.E.B. Katari, R. Roth, A.P. Alivisatos, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 2574 (1996)
T. Sato, H. Ahmed, D. Brown, B.F.G. Johnson, J. Appl. Phys. 82, 696 (1997)
T.B. Ronald, P. Andres, M. Dorogi, S. Feng, J.I. Henderson, C.P. Kubiak, W. Mahoney, R.G. Osifchin, R. Reifenberger, Science 272, 1323 (1996)
K.I. Bolotin, F. Kuemmeth, A.N. Pasupathy, D.C. Ralph, Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 3154 (2004)
H.B. Heersche, Z. de Groot, J.A. Folk, H.S. van der Zant, C. Romeike, M.R. Wegewijs, A. Cornia, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 206801 (2006)
H. Park, A.K.L. Lim, A.P. Alivisatos, J. Park, P.L. McEuen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 301 (1999)
A.F. Morpurgo, C.M. Marcus, D.B. Robinson, Appl. Phys. Lett. 74, 2084 (1999)
C. Zhou, C.J. Muller, M.R. Deshpande, J.W. Sleight, M.A. Reed, Appl. Phys. Lett. 67, 1160 (1995)
J. Park, A.N. Pasupathy, J.I. Goldsmith, C. Chang, Y. Yaish, J.R. Petta, D.C. Ralph, Nature 417, 722 (2002)
M. Bockrath, D.H. Cobden, P.L. McEuen, N.G. Chopra, A. Zettl, A. Thess, R.E. Smalley, Science 275, 1922 (1997)
D.L. Klein, R. Roth, A.K.L. Lim, A.P. Alivisatos, P.L. McEuen, Nature 389, 699 (1997)
S. Grimme, J. Antony, S. Ehrlich, H. Krieg, J. Chem. Phys. 132, 154104 (2010)
J.P. Perdew, K. Burke, M. Ernzerhof, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 3865 (1996)
E. Van Lenthe, E.J. Baerends, J. Comput. Chem. 24, 1142 (2003)
E.V. Lenthe, A. Ehlers, E.-J. Baerends, J. Chem. Phys. 110, 8943 (1999)
E.V. Lenthe, J.G. Snijders, E.J. Baerends, J. Chem. Phys. 105, 6505 (1996)
E.V. Lenthe, E.J. Baerends, J.G. Snijders, J. Chem. Phys. 101, 9783 (1994)
E.V. Lenthe, E.J. Baerends, J.G. Snijders, J. Chem. Phys. 99, 4597 (1993)
G. te Velde, F.M. Bickelhaupt, E.J. Baerends, C. Fonseca Guerra, S.J.A. van Gisbergen, J.G. Snijders, T. Ziegler, J. Comput. Chem. 22, 931 (2001)
R. Hanson, L.P. Kouwenhoven, J.R. Petta, S. Tarucha, L.M.K. Vandersypen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 79, 1217 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wei, Z., Jiang, W., Bai, Z. et al. The synthesis and electrical transport of ligand-protected Au13 clusters. Eur. Phys. J. D 71, 237 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2017-80040-y
Received:
Revised:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjd/e2017-80040-y