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Soils of Arid Regions of Southern Russia in the Basic Classification of Soils of the World

  • SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF ARID TERRITORIES
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Abstract

Soil-cartographic research has been carried out and soil maps have been complied with the use of the classification and diagnostics of soils and various methodological approaches. The classification and diagnostics of soils of Russia (Klassifikatsiya…, 2004) based on the substantive-genetic principles elaborated by V.M. Fridland is the most acceptable at present. We have tried to determine the classification position and properties of arid soils that have undergone desertification and aridization for the further development of this classification. The identification of super-subdivisions (trunks—synlithogenic and postlithogenic organic-mineral soils) of strongly degraded soils in desertification centers is an important criterion for the acceptability of the new approach. Desertification is a natural–anthropogenic process that results in the loss of humus horizons and the outcropping of a soil-forming geological rock. The soil properties are changed at the highest of the highest superdivision: postlithogenic soils are transformed into synlithogenic organic-mineral soil. In light of the global manifestation of desertification, the ongoing changes must be controlled in order to determine the position of arid soils of southern Russia in the basic classification of soils of the world. In this article, we theoretically substantiate the additional classification subdivisions with their diagnostics and a nomenclature of properties in the appropriate sequence.

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Funding

This work was performed within the framework of state assignment of the Institute of Geology of the Dagestan Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Landscape-Geochemical Zoning of the Caspian Sea Lowland, section 1, project no. AAA-A117-117021310199-9 Elaboration of Methodological Foundations for Studying the Humus Status and Soil Salinization for Landscape-Geochemical Zoning of Arid Areas, theme 3, project no. AAAAA-A17-117021310203-3 Ecological-Geochemical Features of Groundwater of the North-Eastern Caucasus (Dagestan). Natural and Anthropogenic Pollution Factors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geology, Dagestan Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 367000, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia

    Z. G. Zalibekov, S. A. Mamaev & A. S. Kurbanismailova

  2. Caspian Institute of Bioresources, Dagestan Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 367032, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia

    A. B. Biarslanov

Authors
  1. Z. G. Zalibekov
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  2. S. A. Mamaev
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  3. A. B. Biarslanov
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  4. A. S. Kurbanismailova
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Correspondence to Z. G. Zalibekov.

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Translated by I. Bel’chenko

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Zalibekov, Z.G., Mamaev, S.A., Biarslanov, A.B. et al. Soils of Arid Regions of Southern Russia in the Basic Classification of Soils of the World. Arid Ecosyst 12, 34–42 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079096122010164

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