Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of Cortisol Analogs on Secondary Hemostasis Indices in Cyprinus carpio Carp

  • ECOLOGICAL PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF HYDROBIONTS
  • Published:
Inland Water Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Data on the dynamics of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) coagulogram, as well as stress markers under the influence of synthetic analogs of short- and long-acting cortisol within 21 days, have been obtained. A comparative analysis of changes in these indices in the experimental groups and in intact fish has been carried out. It is detected that the clotting ability of the blood increased during the experiment in all animals involved in the experiment due to some plasma factors, although the curve of these changes in groups differs. An acceleration of activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and an increase in the concentration of fibrinogen in the fish blood are noted. At the same time, the nature of changes in the content of soluble fibrin monomer complexes, as well as antithrombin III, indicates the development of hypocoagulation processes in fish of certain groups. The cortisol response in hormone-treated animals is contradictory. Assumptions are made about the reasons for the dynamics of indices noted not only in experimental, but also in control fish. Statistical analysis has revealed the correlations between cortisol and individual parameters of hemostasis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Balabanova, L.V., Mikryakov, D.V., and Mikryakov, V.R., Response of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) leucocytes to hormone-induced stress, Inland Water Biol., 2009, vol. 3, pp. 84–86. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082909010131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Barcellos, L.J.G., Nicolaiewsky, S., De Souza, S.M.G., et al., Plasmatic levels of cortisol in the response to acute stress in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), previously exposed to chronic stress, Aquacult. Res., 1999, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 437–444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Barry, T.P., Lapp, A.F., Kayes, T.B., et al., Validation of a microtitre plate ELISA for measuring cortisol in fish and comparison of stress responses of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), Aquaculture, 1993, vol. 117, nos. 3–4, pp. 351–363.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Basu, N., Nakano, T., Grau, E.G., et al., The effects of cortisol on heat shock protein 70 levels in two fish species, Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 2001, vol.124, no. 1, pp. 97–105.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Berezina, D.I., Dynamics of cortisol levels in fish under stress, Materialy II mezhdunarosnoi molodezhnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii “Molekulyarnye issledovaniya agropromyshlennykh i lesnykh kompleksov - regionam” (Proc. II Int. Youth Sci.-Pract. Conf. “Molecular Studies of Agro-Industrial and Forestry Complexes in Regions”), Vologda: Vologod. Gos. Molochno-Kh. Akad. im. N.V. Vereshchagina, 2017.

  6. Berezina, D.I. and Fomina, L.L., Blood fibrinogen dynamics in fish under stress, Molochno-Khoz. Vest., 2018, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 8–15.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Berezina, D.I., Vaitsel’, A.E., and Fomina, L.L., Comparative physiological aspects of the system of fish hemostasis, Materialy I Vserossiiskoi nauchnoi konferentsii “Evolyutsionnye i ekologicheskie aspekty izucheniya zhivoi materii” (Proc. I All-Russ. Sci. Conf. “Evolutionary and Ecological Aspects of the Study of Living Matter”), Cherepovets: Cherepovets Gos. Univ., 2017.

  8. Dobšíková, R., Svobodová, Z., Bláhová, J., et al., The effect of transport on biochemical and haematological indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), Czech. J. Anim. Sci., 2009, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 510–518.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Donaldson, E.M., The pituitary-interrenal axis as an indicator of stress in fish, Stress Fish, 2013, vol. 1981, pp. 11–47.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Doolittle, R.F. and Surgenor, D.M., Blood coagulation in fish, Am. J. Physiol., 1962, vol. 203, no. 5, pp. 964–970.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Espelid, S., Løkken, G.B., Steiro, K., et al., Effects of cortisol and stress on the immune system in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.), Fish Shellfish Immunol., 1996, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 95–110.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Fomina, L.L., Vaitsel’, A.E., and Berezina, D.I., Functional state of fish hemostasis system, Molochno-Khoz. Vest., 2015, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 41–45.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fomina, L.L., Kulakova, T.S., and Berezina, D.I., Determination of plasma-coagulation unit activity of fish hemostasis system by clotting methods using the coagulometer, Aktual. Vopr. Vet. Biol., 2017, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 54–58.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Gamperl, A.K., Vijayan, M.M., and Boutilier, R.G., Experimental control of stress hormone levels in fishes: techniques and applications, Rev. Fish Biol. Fish., 1994, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 215–255.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hamackova, J., Kouril, J., Kozak, P., et al., Clove oil as an anaesthetic for different freshwater fish species, Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 2006, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 185–194.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Houghton, G. and Matthews, R.A., Immunosuppression of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) to ichthyophthiriasis using the corticosteroid triamcinolone acetonide, Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 1986, vol. 12, nos. 1–4, pp. 413–419.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Ivanov, A.A., Fiziologiya ryb: Uchebnoe posobie (Physiology of Fish: Manual), Saint-Petersburg: Lan’, 2021.

  18. Jagadeeswaran, P., Kulkarni, V., Carrillo, M., et al., Zebrafish: from hematology to hydrology, J. Thromb. Haemostasis, 2007, vol. 5, no. s1, pp. 300–304.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Jerez-Cepa, I., Gorissen, M., Mancera, J.M., et al., What can we learn from glucocorticoid administration in fish? Effects of cortisol and dexamethasone on intermediary metabolism of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.), Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part A: Mol. Integr. Physiol., 2019, vol. 231, pp. 1–10.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Jordan, R.E., Antithrombin in vertebrate species: Conservation of the heparin-dependent anticoagulant mechanism, Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 1983, vol. 227, no. 2, pp. 587–595.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Khatun, S., Kanayama, N., Belayet, H.M., et al., Induction of hypercoagulability condition by chronic localized cold stress in rabbits, Thromb. Haemostasis, 1999, vol. 81, no. 3, pp. 449–455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Lewis, J.H., Comparative Hemostasis in Vertebrates, Springer Science & Business Media, 1996.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  23. Mazeaud, M.M., Mazeaud, F., and Donaldson, E.M., Primary and secondary effects of stress in fish: some new data with a general review, Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 1977, vol. 106, no. 3, pp. 201–212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Mikryakov, D.V., Influence of some corticosteroid hormones on the structure and function of the fish immune system, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, Inst. Probl. Ekol. Evol. im. A.N. Severtsova Ross. Akad. Nauk, Moscow, 2004.

  25. Mikryakov, D.V., Mikryakov, V.R., and Silkina, N.I., Changes in morpho-physiological indices of immune-competent organs in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) as influenced by the stress hormone, J. Ichthyol., 2007a, vol. 47, pp. 401–407.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Mikryakov, D.V., Silkina, N.I., and Mikryakov, V.R., The Effect of the stress hormone cortisone on oxidative processes in the immunocompetent organs of the common carp Cypirinus carpio L., Inland Water Biol., 2007b, vol. 3, pp. 84–86.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Momot, A.P. and Mamaev, A.N., Modern aspects of pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation, Klin. Onkogematol., 2008, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 63–71.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Palmblad, J., Blombäck, M., Egberg, N., et al., Experimentally induced stress in man: Effects on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis, J. Psychosom. Res., 1977, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 87–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Perestoronina, E.A., Berezina, D.I., and Fomina, L.L., Effect of cortisol on coagulation and immunological parameters of fish blood, Materialy IV mezhdunarosnoi molodezhnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii “Molekulyarnye issledovaniya agropromyshlennykh i lesnykh kompleksov - regionam” (Proc. IV Int. Youth Sci.-Pract. Conf. “Molecular Studies of Agro-Industrial and Forestry Complexes in Regions”), Vologda: Vologod. Gos. Molochno-Kh. Akad., 2019, vol. 3, part 2, p. 84.

  30. Pickering, A.D. and Pottinger, T.G., Stress responses and disease resistance in salmonid fish: Effects of chronic elevation of plasma cortisol, Fish Physiol. Biochem., 1989, vol. 7, nos. 1–6, pp. 253–258.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Pickering, A.D., Pottinger, T.G., and Sumpter, J.P., On the use of dexamethasone to block the pituitary-interrenal axis in the brown trout, Salmo trutta L., Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., 1987, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. 346–353.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Polidanov, M.A., Skorokhod, A.A., and Babichenko, N.E., Reactivity and stress: hemostatic reactivity of the body under stress. Study of the effect of stress on hemocoagulation, Mod. Sci., 2020, nos. 1–3, p. 308.

  33. Prichepa, M.V., Cortisol content in the tissues of roach and zander under different wintering conditions, Naukovi Zap. Ternop. Nats. Pedagog. Univ., Ser. Biol., 2015, p. 547.

  34. Ramsay, J.M., Feist, G.W., Varga, Z.M., et al., Whole-body cortisol is an indicator of crowding stress in adult zebrafish, Danio rerio, Aquaculture, 2006, vol. 258, nos. 1–4, pp. 565–574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Romanenko, V.D., Potrokhov, A.S., and Zin’kovskii, O.G., Hormonal mechanism of energy supply of fish adaptation to the effects of mineral nitrogen, Gidrobiol. Zh., 2010, vol. 46, no. 6, p. 58.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Roth, R.R., Some factors contributing to the development of fungus infection in freshwater fish, J. Wildl. Dis., 1972, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 24–28.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Ruane, N.M. and Komen, H., Measuring cortisol in the water as an indicator of stress caused by increased loading density in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Aquaculture, 2003, vol. 218, no. 1, pp. 685–693.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Ruane, N.M., Huisman, E.A., and Komen, J., Plasma cortisol and metabolite level profiles in two isogenic strains of common carp during confinement, J. Fish Biol., 2001, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 1–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Ruane, N.M., Carballo, E.C., and Komen, J., Increased stocking density influences the acute physiological stress response of common carp Cyprinus carpio (L.), Aquacult. Res., 2002, vol. 33, no. 10, pp. 777–784.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Schreck, C.B., Tort, L., Farrell, A., and Brauner, C., The concept of stress in fish, Fish Physiol., 2016, vol. 35, pp. 1–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Shikhova, O.A., Matematicheskaya biostatistika: Uchebnoe posobie (Mathematical Biostatistics: Handbook), Vologod. Gos. Molochno-Khoz. Akad. im. N.V. Vereshchagina, 2016.

  42. Smit, L.S., Vvedenie v fiziologiyu ryb (Introduction to Fish Physiology), Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1986.

  43. Smith, A.C., Formation of lethal blood clots in fishes, J. Fish Biol., 1980, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Swift, D.J., Changes in selected blood component values of rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, following the blocking of the cortisol stress response with betamethasone and subsequent exposure to phenol or hypoxia, J. Fish Biol., 1982, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 269–277.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Tavares-Dias, M. and Oliveira, S.R., A review of the blood coagulation system of fish, Rev. Bras. Biociênc., 2009, no. 2, p. 205.

  46. Toukh, M., Gordon, S.P., and Othman, M., Construction noise induces hypercoagulability and elevated plasma corticosteroids in rats, Clin. Appl. Thromb./Hemostasis, 2014, vol. 20, no. 7, pp. 710–715.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Tyukavin, A.I., Chereshnev, V.A., Yakovlev, V.N., and Gaivoronskii, I.V., Fiziologiya s osnovami anatomii: uchebnik (Physiology with the Basics of Anatomy: a Textbook), Moscow: INFRA-M, 2021.

  48. Vijayan, M.M., Pereira, C., Grau, et al., Metabolic responses associated with confinement stress in tilapia: the role of cortisol, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part C: Pharmacol., Toxicol. Endocrinol., 1997, vol. 116, no. 1, pp. 89–95.

    Google Scholar 

  49. White, A. and Fletcher, T.C., Serum cortisol, glucose and lipids in plaice (Pleuronectes platessa L.) exposed to starvation and aquarium stress, Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part A: Physiol., 1986, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 649–653.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 19-34-90109.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vereshchagin Vologda State Dairy Farming Academy, Vologda, Russia

    D. I. Berezina & L. L. Fomina

Authors
  1. D. I. Berezina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. L. L. Fomina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. I. Berezina.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Statement on the welfare of animals. All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

Additional information

Translated by A. Barkhash

Abbreviations: AT III, antithrombin III; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; PTT, prothrombin time; TT, thrombin time; SFMC, soluble fibrin monomer complexes; n, number of fish involved in the experiment.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Berezina, D.I., Fomina, L.L. Influence of Cortisol Analogs on Secondary Hemostasis Indices in Cyprinus carpio Carp. Inland Water Biol 15, 659–666 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082922050042

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082922050042

Keywords:

Search

Navigation