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Responses of Different Test Objects to Experimental Soil Contamination with Crude Oil

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Abstract

Responses to contamination of several soil types with crude oil were comparatively analyzed in organisms of different trophic groups. Samples of soddy podzolic, light gray, soddy calcareous, dark gray, and floodplain soils were supplemented with oil in concentration ranges of 1–5 and 100–300 g/kg and tested in the laboratory for the effect on heterotrophic soil bacteria and higher plants (Lepidium sativum, Triticum aestivum, Picea obovata, and Pinus sylvestris). In addition, water extracts from oil-contaminated soils were tested for the effect on Chlorella vulgaris and Daphnia magna. It was found that agricultural plants Lepidium sativum and Triticum aestivum were more tolerant of low-dose oil contamination (1–5 g/kg soil), compared to seedlings of the taiga tree species Picea obovata. The abundance of heterotrophic bacteria increased in soils treated with low oil concentrations (up to 5 g/kg) and decreased when oil concentration reached 100–300 g/kg soil. The entire range of tested oil concentrations caused reduction in the morphological diversity of heterotrophic soil bacteria. Experiments with water extracts from oil-contaminated soils showed that toxicity test with Daphnia magna was insufficiently sensitive and that the response of Chlorella vulgaris microalgae to soil contamination with oil was ambiguous. The floodplain soil proved to be most tolerant to oil contamination, while soddy calcareous and light gray soils were most vulnerable.

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Funding

This study was performed within the Program of Actions of the Global Science and Education Center “Rational Subsurface Resource Management” for the years 2019−2024 (RF Government Order no. 537 of April 30, 2019) and supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18-14-00140.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Perm State National Research University, 614990, Perm, Russia

    S. A. Buzmakov, D. N. Andreev, A. V. Nazarov, E. A. Dzyuba, I. E. Shestakov, M. S. Kuyukina, A. A. El’kin, D. O. Egorova & Yu. V. Khotyanovskaya

  2. Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081, Perm, Russia

    A. V. Nazarov, M. S. Kuyukina, A. A. El’kin & D. O. Egorova

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  1. S. A. Buzmakov
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  2. D. N. Andreev
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  3. A. V. Nazarov
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  4. E. A. Dzyuba
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  5. I. E. Shestakov
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  6. M. S. Kuyukina
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  8. D. O. Egorova
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  9. Yu. V. Khotyanovskaya
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Correspondence to S. A. Buzmakov.

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Translated by N. Gorgolyuk

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Buzmakov, S.A., Andreev, D.N., Nazarov, A.V. et al. Responses of Different Test Objects to Experimental Soil Contamination with Crude Oil. Russ J Ecol 52, 267–274 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413621040056

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413621040056

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