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Effect of Electric Current on the Spin Polarization of Electrons in Materials with Nonuniform Magnetization

  • ORDER, DISORDER, AND PHASE TRANSITION IN CONDENSED SYSTEM
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Abstract

The nonequilibrium magnetization (spin polarization) of conducting electrons moving in materials with a nonuniform magnetization distribution is analyzed theoretically. Both stationary states and transient processes occurring upon the current switching on and off are considered. Because of the coordinate dependence of the magnetization, the passage of current leads to a deviation of the charge carrier magnetization from its equilibrium value. Based on a simple model for nonequilibrium magnetization, the expression describing the coordinate dependence of the nonequilibrium magnetization is obtained in terms of the drift length and the spin diffusion length. It is shown that the effect is the strongest when the coordinate derivative of the magnetization is maximal. Various examples of media with a nonuniform magnetization are considered, including periodic structures such as spin density waves and artificial superlattices.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The author is grateful to V.V. Ustinov an I.A. Yasyulevich for discussions of this study.

Funding

This work was performed under the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (subject “Spin” no. AAAA-A18-118020290104-2) and supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-02-00038).

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  1. Mikheev Institute of Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620137, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    N. G. Bebenin

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Correspondence to N. G. Bebenin.

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Translated by N. Wadhwa

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Bebenin, N.G. Effect of Electric Current on the Spin Polarization of Electrons in Materials with Nonuniform Magnetization. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 134, 630–637 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776122050028

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776122050028

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