Abstract
The effect of crystallization front shape on the dislocation density in Ge single crystals with a diameter of 100 mm, grown by the Czochralski method, has been studied. The dislocation density in crystals with a convex crystallization front is found to be considerably higher. The average dislocation density in experimental ingots with deviation of crystallization front shape from flat in the range from –1.5 to +1.5 mm increases from 75 to 1000 cm–2 and from 75 to 700 cm–2 in the cases of convex and concave fronts, respectively. Minimum dislocation densities are observed for a flat or slightly concave front.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
L. Cor Claeys and E. Simoen, Extended Defects in Germanium: Fundamental and Technological Aspects (Springer, Berlin, 2009).
A. Luque and S. Hegedus, Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering (Wiley, New York, 2003).
A. Chroneos and R. V. Vovk, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 26 (10), 7378 (2015).
F. Dimroth and S. Kurtz, MRS Bull. 32 (3), 230 (2007).
G. Wang, Y. Sun, W. Xiang, et al., J. Cryst. Growth 352, 27 (2012).
M. G. Mil’vidskii and V. B. Osvenskii, Structural Defects in Semiconductor Single Crystals (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1984) [in Russian].
B. L. Indenbom, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Fiz. 37 (11), 2258 (1973).
P. V. Kasimkin, V. A. Maskovskih, Y. V. Vasiliev, et al., J. Cryst. Growth 390, 67 (2014).
V. A. Moskovskikh, P. V. Kasimkin, V. N. Shlegel’, et al., Crystallogr. Rep. 59 (2), 291 (2014).
I. A. Sluchinskaya, Fundamentals of Semiconductor Materials Science and Technology (Izd-vo MIFI, Moscow, 2002) [in Russian].
50 Years Progress in Crystal Growth, Ed. by R. S. Feigelson (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2004). https://www.elsevier.com/books/50-years-progress-in-crystal-growth/feigelson.
CGSim Software. http://www.str-soft.com/products/CGSim/.
O. I. Podkopaev, V. V. Artem’ev, A. D. Smirnov, et al., Tech. Phys. 61 (9), 1286 (2016).
P. K. Konakov, G. E. Verevochkin, L. A. Goryainov, et al., Heat- and Mass Exchange during Single-Crystal Growth (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1971) [in Russian].
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Government of Krasnoyarsk Krai, and the Krasnoyarsk Krai Foundation for Support of Scientific and Technical Activity, within scientific project no. 16-43-240719.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Translated by D. Churochkin
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shimanskii, A.F., Podkopaev, O.I., Pavlyuk, T.O. et al. Effect of Crystallization Front Shape on the Dislocation Density in Germanium Single Crystals. Crystallogr. Rep. 63, 1183–1186 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063774518070222
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063774518070222