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The Pax2 and Pax6 Transcription Factors in the Optic Nerve and Brain of Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss after a Mechanical Eye Injury

  • Mechanisms of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation
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Abstract

The distribution of the Pax2+ transcription factor in the optic nerve after a mechanical eye injury on the side of damage and in the contralateral nerve has been studied in the trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. It has been found that injury of the optic nerve in this fish species causes Pax2+ reactive astrocytes involved in the initial stages of optic nerve axon regeneration to increase in number, especially in the area of the head and the proximal part of the optic nerve. As the optic nerve in trout is damaged, a significant growth of the heterogeneous population of Pax6+ cells occurs in the brain divisions that have direct retinal inputs, diencephalon, and optic tectum. A part of the Pax6+ cells have an undifferentiated phenotype and are a component of reactive neurogenic niches located in the periventricular zone and parenchymal regions of the brain. Another population of Pax6+ cells has the radial glial phenotype and appears as a result of activation of the constitutive neurogenic domains also within the newly formed reactive neurogenic niches. Thus, due to the optic nerve injury, a pronounced neurogenic response associated with the appearance of reactive neurogenic niches and radial glia arises both in the brain divisions with direct retinal projections and in those lacking the retinal projections as well as in remote regions. The results obtained indicate that the damage to the optic nerve causes an increased reactive neurogenesis in the brain of adult trout.

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Abbreviations

Pax2–:

Pax2-immunonegative

Pax2+:

Pax2-immunopositive

Pax6–:

Pax6-immunonegative

Pax6+:

Pax6- immunopositive

Vv:

ventral zone of the telencephalon ventral region

Vd:

dorsal zone of the telencephalon ventral region

Vl:

lateral zone of the telencephalon ventral region

Vth:

ventral thalamus

ONH:

optic nerve head

Dd:

dorsal zone of the telencephalon dorsal region

Dl:

lateral zone of the telencephalon dorsal region

Dth:

dorsal thalamus

Mth:

medial thalamus

Dc:

central zone of the telencephalon dorsal region

PTR:

posterior tuberal region

IHC:

immunohistochemistry

IOS:

intraorbital segment

CeCr:

cerebellar crest

SM:

stratum marginale (marginal layer)

NSC:

neural stem cell

ON:

optic nerve

OD:

optical density

OT:

optic tectum

PVZ:

periventricular zone

SGP:

stratum griseum periventriculare (periventricular gray layer)

PZ:

proliferative zone

POm:

magnocellular nucleus of the preoptic region

POp:

parvocellular nucleus of the preoptic region

RG:

radial glia

RSC:

reticulospinal cells

RF:

reticular formation

SAC:

stratum album centrale (central white layer)

SGAC:

stratum griseum et album centrale (central gray and white layer)

SGC:

stratum griseum centrale (central gray layer)

OLN:

octavolateral efferent neurons

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia

    E. V. Pushchina & A. A. Varaksin

  2. Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 01024, Ukraine

    E. V. Pushchina

  3. St. Petersburg University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russia

    D. K. Obukhov

Authors
  1. E. V. Pushchina
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  2. A. A. Varaksin
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  3. D. K. Obukhov
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Correspondence to E. V. Pushchina.

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Original Russian Text © E.V. Pushchina, A.A. Varaksin, D.K. Obukhov, 2018, published in Ontogenez, 2018, Vol. 49, No. 5, pp. 294–323.

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Pushchina, E.V., Varaksin, A.A. & Obukhov, D.K. The Pax2 and Pax6 Transcription Factors in the Optic Nerve and Brain of Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss after a Mechanical Eye Injury. Russ J Dev Biol 49, 264–290 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062360418050041

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062360418050041

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