Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Structure and Magnetism of Gd/MgO/Fe Superlattice-Based Nanosystems

  • Published:
Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Gd/MgO/Fe superlattice-based nanostructures are an artificial ferromagnetic material, in which the exchange coupling of the magnetic moments of Fe layers through dielectric and rare-earth interlayers can create magnetic configurations atypical of the well-studied Fe/Cr and Fe/MgO/Fe systems. In this work, the structural features and magnetic properties of a series of Nb(20 nm)/[Gd(5 nm)/MgO(t nm)/Fe(5 nm)]х6/Nb(5 nm) superlattices with MgO dielectric layers of different thicknesses (t = 0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 nm) are examined. Using high-resolution X-ray reflectometry, the formation of a layered structure of superlattices with layer thicknesses close to nominal and a root-mean-square interface roughness of 10% of the total layer thickness is established. Using vibrating-sample magnetometry, a difference between the hysteresis loops of the magnetization of a sample without a MgO layer and samples with MgO layers of different thicknesses is revealed. It is found that the sample without dielectric layers has a significantly lower saturation magnetization.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. F. Hellman, A. Hoffmann, Ya. Tserkovnyak, et al., Rev. Modern Phys. 89, 025006 (2017). http://www.doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.89.025006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. G.-H. Yu, W.-L. Peng, and J.-Ya. Zhang, Rare Met. 36, 155 (2017). http://www.doi.org/10.1007/s12598-017-0880-2

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. E. M. Yakunina, E. A. Kravtsov, Yu. N. Khaydukov, et al., J. Surf. Invest.: X-ray, Synchrotron Neutron Tech. 15, 793 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1027451021040406

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. E. M. Yakunina, E. A. Kravtsov, Yu. N. Khaydukov, et al., Phys. Solid State 63, 1584 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783421090456

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. G. Yanga, J.-Y. Zhang, S.-L. Jiang, et al., Appl. Surf. Sci. 396, 705 (2017). http://www.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.11.012

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. A. Kozioł-Rachwał, W. Janus, M. Szpytma, et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 115, 141603 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5112093

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. I. Ennen, D. Kappe, T. Rempel, et al., Sensors 16, 904 (2016). http://www.doi.org/10.3390/s16060904

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. M. N. Baibich, J. M. Broto, A. Fert, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2472 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.61.2472

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. G. Binasch, P. Grunberg, F. Saurenbach, and W. Zinn, Phys. Rev. B 39, 4828 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.39.4828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. E. M. Yakunina, V. I. Bodnarchuk, V. V. Proglyado, et al., J. Surf. Invest.: X-ray, Synchrotron Neutron Tech. 8, 987 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1027451014050437

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. S. S. P. Parkin, C. Kaiser, A. Panchula, et al., Nat. Mater. 3, 862 (2004). http://www.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1256

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Rare Earths and Magnetism: Magnetic Properties of Rare Earth Metals, Ed. by R. J. Elliott (Plenum, New York, 1972). http://www.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5691-3_1

    Google Scholar 

  13. M. Heinemann and W. M. Temmerman, Phys. Rev. B 49, 4348 (1994). http://www.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.49.4348

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. D. Weller, S. F. Alvarado, W. Gudat, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1555 (1985). http://www.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.54.1555

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. O. Krupin, G. Bihlmayer, K. Starke, et al., Phys. Rev. B 71, 201403 (2005). http://www.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.71.201403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. P. LeClair, H. J. M. Swagten, J. T. Kohlhepp, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2933 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Zhang and P. M. Levy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 5660 (1998). http://www.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.5660

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. T. Zhu, X. Xiang, F. Shen, et al., Phys. Rev. B 66, 094423 (2002). http://www.doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.66.094423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Y. T. Takahashi, Y. Shiota, S. Miwa, et al., IEEE Trans. Magn. 49, 4417 (2013). http://www.doi.org/10.1109/TMAG.2013.2247745

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. N. Funabashia, R. Higashida, K. Aoshima, and K. Machida, AIP Adv. 9, 035336 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5080147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, agreement no. 075-10-2021-115 dated October 13, 2021 (internal no. 15.SIN.21.0021). The X-ray diffraction measurements were performed at the Center for Collective Use of the Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences within the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, theme “Spin” no. 122021000036-3).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 620108, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    E. M. Yakunina, E. A. Kravtsov, D. I. Devyaterikov & V. V. Proglyado

  2. Ural Federal University, 620075, Yekaterinburg, Russia

    E. A. Kravtsov

Authors
  1. E. M. Yakunina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. A. Kravtsov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. D. I. Devyaterikov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. V. V. Proglyado
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to E. M. Yakunina or E. A. Kravtsov.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Translated by E. Bondareva

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yakunina, E.M., Kravtsov, E.A., Devyaterikov, D.I. et al. Structure and Magnetism of Gd/MgO/Fe Superlattice-Based Nanosystems. J. Surf. Investig. 16, 1106–1110 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S102745102206057X

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S102745102206057X

Keywords:

Search

Navigation