Abstract
Under unpredictable climatic scenarios, drought is one of the major environmental constraints limiting plant growth and productivity in arid and semi-arid regions. Rapid recovery from drought is of paramount importance for the persistence and survival of different crops growing worldwide. The boiling soluble proteins, BSPs (proteins remaining soluble upon boiling in aqueous solution) forms an instrumental part of the response to water deficit conditions and might be of key importance for the survival of plants under unfavourable environmental conditions. These BSPs are typified by two unique properties: high hydrophilicity and high thermal stability. The main objective of the study was to determine drought-induced changes in the markers of oxidative stress along with modulation in the activity of the boiling soluble antioxidants in response to different stress regimes followed by re-watering in Triticum aestivum L. In this study, we determined the indices of oxidative stress (membrane injury index (MII) and lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) content) and activities of boiling soluble antioxidant enzymes in seeds of sensitive and tolerant cultivars of wheat at different duration of stress (3, 6 and 10 days) followed by recovery (post stress harvest). Water content recorded a decline in the sensitive (PBW 343 and PBW 621) as well as tolerant (PBW 527 and PBW 175) cultivars in stress duration and cultivar dependent manner and this was reversed following re-watering in all the cultivars. Oxidative stress indicators also increased in all the cultivars at different stress intensities but this was reversed following re-watering in the tolerant cvs. PBW 175 and PBW 527. At 3 and 6 days, boiling soluble monodehydroascorbate reductase (BsMDAR), boiling soluble protein disulphide isomerase (BsPDI) activity increased in both the tolerant cvs. PBW 175 and PBW 527 whereas boiling soluble guaiacol peroxidase (BsGPX) increased in the sensitive cv. PBW 343. However, as the stress intensity increased to 10 days, BsMDAR, boiling soluble glutathione-S-transferase (BsGST) and BsGPX increased only in the tolerant cvs. PBW 175 and PBW 527, thus accentuating their cardinal roles in stress tolerance under harsh drought conditions. Upon re-watering the stress plants after 10 days, BsMDAR increased only in the tolerant cv. PBW 175. On the other hand, boiling soluble protein disulphide isomerase (BsPDI) increased in both the tolerant cv. PBW 175 and susceptible cv. PBW 343, but with a greater enhancement in the cv. PBW 175. Based upon our results, biochemical significance of the boiling soluble antioxidants in the cultivars of wheat differing in drought resistance during different stress intensities and recovery is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- AsA:
-
ascorbic acid
- APX:
-
ascorbate peroxidase
- BsGR:
-
boiling soluble glutathione reductase
- BsGST:
-
boiling soluble glutathione-S-transferase
- BsGPX:
-
boiling soluble guaiacol peroxidase
- BsMDAR:
-
boiling soluble monodehydroascorbate reductase
- BsPDI:
-
boiling soluble protein disulphide isomerase
- BsTRX.R:
-
boiling soluble thioredoxin reductase
- CAT:
-
catalase
- CDNB:
-
chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene
- DPA:
-
days post anthesis
- DHAR:
-
dehydroascorbate reductase
- DTNB:
-
5,5′-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic) acid
- GR:
-
glutathione reductase
- GPX:
-
guaiacol peroxidase
- MII:
-
membrane injury index
- MDHA:
-
monodehydroascorbate
- MDAR:
-
monodehydroascorbate reductase
- PODR:
-
point of drought recovery
- PSH:
-
post stress harvest
- PDI:
-
protein disulphide isomerase
- SRL:
-
siscoresearch laboratories
- SOD:
-
superoxide dismutase
- TBA:
-
thiobarbituric acid
- TNB:
-
5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid
- TRX.R:
-
thioredoxin reductase
- WC:
-
water content
References
Chaves, M. and Oliveira, M., Mechanisms underlying plant resilience to water deficits: prospects for watersaving agriculture, J. Exp. Bot., 2004, vol. 55, pp. 2365–2384.
Fischlin, A., Midgley, G.F., Price, J.T., Leemans, R., Gopal, B., Turley, C., Rounsevell, M.D.A., Dube, O.P., Tarazona, J., and Velichko, A.A., Ecosystems, their properties, goods and services, in Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Parry, M.L., Canziani, O.F., Palutikof, J.P., van der Linden, P.J., and Hanson, C.E., Eds., Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2007, chap. 4, pp. 211–272.
Gill, S.S. and Tuteja, N., Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants, Plant Physiol. Biochem., 2010, vol. 48, pp. 909–930.
Graper, C. and Dolan, L., Control of plant development by reactive oxygen species, Plant Physiol., 2006, vol. 141, pp. 341–345.
Cruz de Carvalho, M.H., Drought stress and reactive oxygen species: production, scavenging and signalling, Plant Signal. Behav., 2008, vol. 3, pp. 156–165.
Jacobsen, J.V. and Shaw, D.C., Heat stable proteins and abscisic acid action in barley aleurone cells, Plant Physiol., 1989, vol. 91, pp. 1520–1526.
Bray, E., Molecular responses to water deficit, Plant Physiol., 1993, vol. 103, pp. 1035–1040.
Sarkar, N.K., Kim, Y.K., and Grover, A., Rice sHsp genes: genomic organization and expression profiling under stress and development, BMC Genomics, 2009, vol. 10: 393.
Rakhra, G., Sharma, A.D., and Singh, J., Anti-oxidative potential of boiling soluble antioxidant enzymes in amelioration of drought-induced oxidative stress in tolerant and sensitive cultivars of Triticum aestivum, J. Crop Sci. Biotechnol., 2015. doi 10.1007/s12892-015-0006-z
Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., and Randall, R.J., Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent, J. Biol. Chem., 1951, vol. 193, pp. 265–275.
Chakraborty, U. and Pradhan, B., Oxidative stress in five wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to water stress and study of their antioxidant enzyme defense system, water stress responsive metabolites and H2O2 accumulation, Braz. J. Plant Physiol., 2012, vol. 24, pp. 17–130.
Tayefi-Nasrabadi, H., Dehghan, G., Daeihassani, B., Movafegi, A., and Samadi, A., Some biochemical properties of guaiacol peroxidases as modified by salt stress in leaves of salt-tolerant and salt sensitive safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv.) cultivars, Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2011, vol. 10, pp. 751–763.
Zhang, M.D., Chen, Q., and Shen, S.H., Physiological responses of two Jerusalem artichoke cultivars to drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol, Acta Physiol. Plant., 2011, vol. 33, pp. 313–318.
Ma, Y.H., Ma, F.W., Wang, Y.H., and Zhang, J.K., The responses of the enzymes related with ascorbate–glutathione cycle during drought stress in apple leaves, Acta Physiol. Plant., 2010, vol. 33, pp. 173–180.
Rostami, A.A. and Rahemi, M., Responses of caprifig genotypes to water stress and recovery, J. Biol. Environ. Sci., 2013, vol. 7, pp. 131–139.
Krishnamani, M.R.S., Yopp, J.H., and Myers, O., Leaf solute leakage as a drought tolerance indicator in soybean, Phyton, 1984, vol. 44, pp. 43–49.
Sairam, R.K. and Srivastava, G.S., Water stress tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): variations in hydrogen peroxide accumulation and antioxidant activity in tolerant and susceptible genotypes, J. Agron. Crop Sci., 2001, vol. 186, pp. 63–70.
Tian, Z., Wang, F., Zhang, W., Liu, C., and Zhao, X., Antioxidant mechanism and lipid peroxidation patterns in leaves and petals of marigold in response to drought stress, Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol., 2012, vol. 53, pp. 183–192.
Bian, S. and Jiang, Y., Reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression patterns in leaves and roots of Kentucky bluegrass in response to drought stress and recovery, Sci. Hortic., 2009, vol. 120, pp. 264–270.
Eltayeb, A.E., Kawano, N., Badawi, G.H., Kaminaka, H., Sanekata, T., Shibahara, T., Inanaga, S., and Tanaka, K., Overexpression of monodehydroascorbate reductase in transgenic tobacco confers enhanced tolerance to ozone, salt and polyethylene glycol stresses, Planta, 2007, vol. 225, pp. 1255–1264.
Hossain, M.A., Ismail, M.R., Uddin, M.K., Islam, M.Z., and Ashrafuzzaman, M., Efficacy of ascorbate–glutathione cycle for scavenging H2O2 in two contrasting rice genotypes during salinity stress, Aust. J. Crop Sci., 2013, vol. 7, pp. 1801–1808.
Kavitha, K., George, S., Venkataraman, S., and Parida, A., A salt-inducible chloroplastic monodehydroascorbate reductase from halophyte Avicennia marina confers salt stress tolerance on transgenic plants, Biochimie, 2010, vol. 92, pp. 1321–1329.
Filippou, P., Antoniou, C., and Fotopoulos, V., Effect of drought and re-watering on the cellular status and antioxidant response of Medicago truncatula plants, Plant Signal. Behav., 2011, vol. 6, pp. 270–277.
Dixon, D.P., Davis, B.G., and Edwards, R., Functional divergence in the glutathione transferase superfamily in plants: identification of two classes with putative functions in redox homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana, J. Biol. Chem., 2002, vol. 277, pp. 30 859–30 869.
Mylona, P.V., Polidoros, A.N., and Scandalios, J.G., Antioxidant gene responses to ROS-generating xenobiotics in developing and germinated scutella of maize, J. Exp. Bot., 2007, vol. 58, pp. 1301–1312.
Moradi, F. and Ismail, A.M., Responses of photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and ROS-scavenging systems to salt stress during seedling and reproductive stages in rice, Ann. Bot., 2007, vol. 99, pp. 1161–1173.
Sofo, A., Tuzio, A.C., Dichio, B., and Xiloyannis, C., Influence of water deficit and rewatering on the components of the ascorbate–glutathione cycle in four interspecific Prunus hybrids, Plant Sci., 2005, vol. 169, pp. 403–412.
Barranco-Medina, S., Krell, T., Finkemeier, I., Sevilla, F., Lázaro, J.J., and Dietz, K.J., Biochemical and molecular characterization of the mitochondrial peroxiredoxin PsPrxII F from Pisum sativum, Plant Physiol. Biochem., 2007, vol. 45, pp. 729–739.
Liu, J.X. and Howell, S.H., Endoplasmic reticulum protein quality control and its relationship to environmental stress responses in plants, Plant Cell, 2010, vol. 22, pp. 2930–2942.
Zhu, C., Luo, N., He, M., Chen, G., Zhu, J., Yin, G., Li, X., Hu, Y., Li, J., and Yan, Y., Molecular characterization and expression profiling of the protein disulfide isomerase gene family in Brachypodium distachyon L., PLoS One, 2014, vol. 9, p. e94704.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
The article is published in the original.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rakhra, G., Sharma, A.D. Time-Course Studies on Accumulation of Hydrophilic Antioxidants to Different Stress Regimes Followed by Recovery in Contrasting Cultivars of Wheat. Russ J Plant Physiol 65, 84–97 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443718010193
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443718010193