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Positioning Russia in Emerging High-Tech Areas

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Abstract

This article is dedicated to bibliometric analysis of the development of research in two new high-tech areas—nanophotonics and quantum information processing. The author’s attention is focused on the number of peer-reviewed publications considered at the level of countries and their groups, international scientific cooperation, and citation rates. The structure of the international coauthorship network in quantum information processing is considered, and some aspects of the interaction of global and national scientific systems are discussed. Using bibliometric methods, the main participants in research in both areas have been identified, and their contribution to the world flow of publications and the share of international coauthored publications in it have been assessed. It is shown that the growth of research in the period 2000–2017 took place largely at the global level, the center of attraction for cooperation being G7 countries, and the most cohesive core of the coauthorship network on quantum information processing, in addition to the G7, included Switzerland, Sweden, and Russia. Importantly, in both areas Russia has significantly exceeded the target indicators of both the contribution to the world scientific result and the share of international coauthored works.

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Notes

  1. The Salton index is a dimensionless indicator of cooperation strength. For a pair of countries, it is computed by dividing the number of their coauthored publications by the geometrical mean of all publications of each of the partners. For the first time in bibliometric practice, it was proposed in [22] and later began to be actively used to analyze networks of international coauthorship [23].

  2. The WOS database is much easier to trace the authorship of a citing article than the authorship of a citation. However, the use of citing articles instead of citations leads to a certain bias in the estimates since one such article may contain links to several publications from the array under evaluation.

  3. In descending order of the number of publications in the field of QIP: China, the United States, Germany, Britain, Japan, Canada, Italy, France, Australia, Spain, Russia, Switzerland, Poland, India, Austria, Brazil, Singapore, South Korea, the Netherlands, Israel, Iran, Sweden, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Taiwan, Belgium, Hungary, Finland, Mexico, Egypt, Argentina, Slovakia, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, South Africa, Chile, Greece, Ireland, Ukraine, Portugal, Pakistan, Romania, New Zealand, Norway, Malaysia, and Morocco.

  4. The structural characteristic of the entire network, which shows the extent of uniformity in the distribution of the degree centrality of its nodes, is 0 when the degree centrality of all the nodes is the same and 1 when one node in terms of degree centrality completely dominates the network. Calculated by the Freeman formula [24].

  5. The respective network for NP has similar indicators: density, ~74%; the normalized degree centrality of the entire network, ~0.27; and the degree centrality in Russia is ~0.9.

  6. Clique is a graph theory term. Here it means a subset of countries any two of which have coauthorship ties.

  7. RCR shows whether publications of a given country are cited above or below the world average (= 1.0).

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  1. Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    A. I. Terekhov

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Translated by B. Alekseev

Aleksandr Ivanovich Terekhov, Cand. Sci. (Phys.‒Math.), is a Leading Researcher at the RAS Central Economics and Mathematics Institute (CEMI RAS).

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Terekhov, A.I. Positioning Russia in Emerging High-Tech Areas. Her. Russ. Acad. Sci. 92, 76–87 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1019331622010063

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