Abstract
Extremal properties and localization of zeros of general (including nondiagonal) type I Hermite–Padé polynomials are studied for the exponential system {e λjz} k j=0 with arbitrary different complex numbers λ0, λ1,..., λk. The theorems proved in the paper complement and generalize the results obtained earlier by other authors.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. I. Aptekarev, “Padé approximations for the system {1 F 1(1, c; λiz)} i=1 k,” Vestn. Mosk. Univ., Ser. 1: Mat., Mekh., No. 2, 58–62 (1981) [Moscow Univ. Math. Bull. 36 (2), 73–76 (1981)].
A. I. Aptekarev, “Asymptotics of Hermite–Padé approximants for two functions with branch points,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk 422 (4), 443–445 (2008) [Dokl. Math. 78 (2), 717–719 (2008)].
A. I. Aptekarev, V. I. Buslaev, A. Martínez-Finkelshtein, and S. P. Suetin, “Padé approximants, continued fractions, and orthogonal polynomials,” Usp. Mat. Nauk 66 (6), 37–122 (2011) [Russ. Math. Surv. 66, 1049–1131 (2011)].
A. I. Aptekarev, V. A. Kalyagin, and E. B. Saff, “Higher-order three-term recurrences and asymptotics of multiple orthogonal polynomials,” Constr. Approx. 30 (2), 175–223 (2009).
A. I. Aptekarev, V. G. Lysov, and D. N. Tulyakov, “Global eigenvalue distribution regime of random matrices with an anharmonic potential and an external source,” Teor. Mat. Fiz. 159 (1), 34–57 (2009) [Theor. Math. Phys. 159, 448–468 (2009)].
A. I. Aptekarev, V. G. Lysov, and D. N. Tulyakov, “Random matrices with external source and the asymptotic behaviour of multiple orthogonal polynomials,” Mat. Sb. 202 (2), 3–56 (2011) [Sb. Math. 202, 155–206 (2011)].
A. V. Astafyeva and A. P. Starovoitov, “Hermite–Padé approximation of exponential functions,” Mat. Sb. 207 (6), 3–26 (2016) [Sb. Math. 207, 769–791 (2016)].
G. A. Baker Jr. and P. Graves-Morris, Padé Approximants, Part 1: Basic Theory; Part 2: Extensions and Applications (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1981).
P. B. Borwein, “Quadratic Hermite–Padé approximation to the exponential function,” Constr. Approx. 2, 291–302 (1986).
D. Braess, “On the conjecture of Meinardus on rational approximation of ex. II,” J. Approx. Theory 40 (4), 375–379 (1984).
V. I. Buslaev and S. P. Suetin, “On equilibrium problems related to the distribution of zeros of the Hermite–Padé polynomials,” Tr. Mat. Inst. im. V.A. Steklova, Ross. Akad. Nauk 290, 272–279 (2015) [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 290, 256–263 (2015)].
G. V. Chudnovsky, “Hermite–Padé approximations to exponential functions and elementary estimates of the measure of irrationality of π,” in The Riemann Problem, Complete Integrability and Arithmetic Applications: Proc. Semin. IHES and Columbia Univ., 1979–1980 (Springer, Berlin, 1982), Lect. Notes Math. 925, pp. 299–322.
K. Driver, “Nondiagonal quadratic Hermite–Padé approximation to the exponential function,” J. Comput. Appl. Math. 65, 125–134 (1995).
A. A. Gonchar, “Rational approximation of analytic functions,” Sovrem. Probl. Mat. 1, 83–106 (2003) [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 272 (Suppl. 2), S44–S57 (2011)].
A. A. Gonchar and E. A. Rakhmanov, “On convergence of simultaneous Padé approximants for systems of functions of Markov type,” Tr. Mat. Inst. im. V.A. Steklova, Akad. Nauk SSSR 157, 31–48 (1981) [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 157, 31–50 (1983)].
A. A. Gonchar and E. A. Rakhmanov, “Equilibrium distributions and degree of rational approximation of analytic functions,” Mat. Sb. 134 (3), 306–352 (1987) [Math. USSR, Sb. 62, 305–348 (1989)].
C. Hermite, “Sur la fonction exponentielle,” C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 77, 18–24, 74–79, 226–233, 285–293 (1873).
C. Hermite, “Sur la généralisation des fractions continues algébriques,” Ann. Mat. Pura Appl., Ser. 2, 21, 289–308 (1893).
V. A. Kalyagin, “Hermite–Padé approximants and spectral analysis of nonsymmetric operators,” Mat. Sb. 185 (6), 79–100 (1994) [Russ. Acad. Sci., Sb. Math. 82 (1), 199–216 (1995)].
A. Kuijlaars, H. Stahl, W. Van Assche, and F. Wielonsky, “Asymptotique des approximants de Hermite–Padé quadratiques de la fonction exponentielle et problèmes de Riemann–Hilbert,” C. R., Math., Acad. Sci. Paris 336 (11), 893–896 (2003).
A. B. J. Kuijlaars, H. Stahl, W. Van Assche, and F. Wielonsky, “Type II Hermite–Padé approximation to the exponential function,” J. Comput. Appl. Math. 207 (2), 227–244 (2007).
A. B. J. Kuijlaars, W. Van Assche, and F. Wielonsky, “Quadratic Hermite–Padé approximation to the exponential function: A Riemann–Hilbert approach,” Constr. Approx. 21 (3), 351–412 (2005).
Yu. A. Labych and A. P. Starovoitov, “Trigonometric Padé approximants for functions with regularly decreasing Fourier coefficients,” Mat. Sb. 200 (7), 107–130 (2009) [Sb. Math. 200, 1051–1074 (2009)].
M. A. Lapik, “Families of vector measures which are equilibrium measures in an external field,” Mat. Sb. 206 (2), 41–56 (2015) [Sb. Math. 206, 211–224 (2015)].
G. López Lagomasino, S. Medina Peralta, and U. Fidalgo Prieto, “Hermite–Padé approximation for certain systems of meromorphic functions,” Mat. Sb. 206 (2), 57–76 (2015) [Sb. Math. 206, 225–241 (2015)].
K. Mahler, “Zur Approximation der Exponentialfunktion und des Logarithmus. I, II,” J. Reine Angew. Math. 166, 118–136, 137–150 (1931, 1932).
K. Mahler, “Perfect systems,” Compos. Math. 19 (2), 95–166 (1968).
M. Marden, Geometry of Polynomials (Am. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1966).
E. M. Nikishin and V. N. Sorokin, Rational Approximations and Orthogonality (Nauka, Moscow, 1988; Am. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1991).
G. Pólya and G. Szeg˝o, Problems and Theorems in Analysis, Vol. 1: Series, Integral Calculus, Theory of Functions (Springer, Berlin, 1978).
A. P. Prudnikov, Yu. A. Brychkov, and O. I. Marichev, Integrals and Series, Vol. 1: Elementary Functions (Nauka, Moscow, 1981; Gordon & Breach, New York, 1986).
V. N. Rusak and A. P. Starovoitov, “Padé approximants for entire functions with regularly decreasing Taylor coefficients,” Mat. Sb. 193 (9), 63–92 (2002) [Sb. Math. 193, 1303–1332 (2002)].
E. B. Saff and R. S. Varga, “On the zeros and poles of Padé approximants to ez. II,” in Padé and Rational Approximation. Theory and Applications: Proc. Int. Symp. Univ. S. Fla., 1976, Ed. by E. B. Saff and R. S. Varga (Academic, New York, 1977), pp. 195–213.
H. Stahl, “Asymptotics for quadratic Hermite–Padé polynomials associated with the exponential function,” Electron. Trans. Numer. Anal. 14, 195–222 (2002).
H. Stahl, “Asymptotic distributions of zeros of quadratic Hermite–Padé polynomials associated with the exponential function,” Constr. Approx. 23 (2), 121–164 (2006).
A. P. Starovoitov, “On the properties of Hermite–Padé approximants to the system of Mittag-Leffler functions,” Dokl. Nats. Akad. Nauk Belarusi 57 (1), 5–10 (2013).
A. P. Starovoitov, “Hermite–Padé approximants to the system of Mittag-Leffler functions,” Probl. Fiz. Mat. Tekh., No. 1, 81–87 (2013).
A. P. Starovoitov, “Hermitian approximation of two exponential functions,” Izv. Saratov. Univ., Ser.: Mat., Mekh., Inf. 13 (1(2)), 87–91 (2013).
A. P. Starovoitov, “The asymptotic form of the Hermite–Padé approximations for a system of Mittag-Leffler functions,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Mat., No. 9, 59–68 (2014) [Russ. Math. 58 (9), 49–56 (2014)].
A. P. Starovoitov and E. P. Kechko, “On localization of the zeroes of Hermite–Padé approximants to exponential functions,” Probl. Fiz. Mat. Tekh., No. 3, 84–89 (2015).
A. P. Starovoitov and E. P. Kechko, “On an extremal property of Hermite–Padé approximants to exponential functions,” Dokl. Nats. Akad. Nauk Belarusi 60 (1), 5–11 (2016).
A. P. Starovoitov and E. P. Kechko, “Upper bounds for the moduli of zeros of Hermite–Padé approximations for a set of exponential functions,” Mat. Zametki 99 (3), 409–420 (2016) [Math. Notes 99, 417–425 (2016)].
A. P. Starovoitov and N. A. Starovoitova, “Padé approximants of the Mittag-Leffler functions,” Mat. Sb. 198 (7), 109–122 (2007) [Sb. Math. 198, 1011–1023 (2007)].
A. P. Starovoitow, N. A. Starovoitowa, and N. V. Ryabchenko, “Padé approximants of special functions,” J. Math. Sci. 187 (1), 77–85 (2012).
S. P. Suetin, “Padé approximants and efficient analytic continuation of a power series,” Usp. Mat. Nauk 57 (1), 45–142 (2002) [Russ. Math. Surv. 57, 43–141 (2002)].
S. P. Suetin, “On the existence of nonlinear Padé–Chebyshev approximations for analytic functions,” Mat. Zametki 86 (2), 290–303 (2009) [Math. Notes 86, 264–275 (2009)].
S. P. Suetin, “Distribution of the zeros of Padé polynomials and analytic continuation,” Usp. Mat. Nauk 70 (5), 121–174 (2015) [Russ. Math. Surv. 70, 901–951 (2015)].
S. P. Suetin, “On the distribution of the zeros of the Hermite–Padé polynomials for a quadruple of functions,” Usp. Mat. Nauk 72 (2), 191–192 (2017) [Russ. Math. Surv. 72, 375–377 (2017)].
G. Szegö, “Über eine Eigenschaft der Exponentialreihe,” Sitzungsber. Berl. Math. Ges. 23, 50–64 (1924).
L. N. Trefethen, “The asymptotic accuracy of rational best approximations to ez on a disk,” J. Approx. Theory 40 (4), 380–383 (1984).
W. Van Assche, “Multiple orthogonal polynomials, irrationality and transcendence,” in Continued Fractions: From Analytic Number Theory to Constructive Approximation: Proc. Conf. Univ. Missouri, 1998 (Am. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1999), Contemp. Math. 236, pp. 325–342.
J. L. Walsh, “On the location of the roots of certain types of polynomials,” Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 24 (3), 163–180 (1922).
F. Wielonsky, “Asymptotics of diagonal Hermite–Padé approximants to ez,” J. Approx. Theory 90 (2), 283–298 (1997).
F. Wielonsky, “Riemann–Hilbert analysis and uniform convergence of rational interpolants to the exponential function,” J. Approx. Theory 131 (1), 100–148 (2004).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.P. Starovoitov, E.P. Kechko, 2017, published in Trudy Matematicheskogo Instituta imeni V.A. Steklova, 2017, Vol. 298, pp. 338–355.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Starovoitov, A.P., Kechko, E.P. On some properties of Hermite–Padé approximants to an exponential system. Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 298, 317–333 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0081543817060190
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0081543817060190