Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Morphological Peculiarities of R–Fe–B (R = Nd, Pr) Alloys Formed upon Solidification by Strip-Casting

  • STRUCTURE, PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS, AND DIFFUSION
  • Published:
Physics of Metals and Metallography Aims and scope Submit manuscript

    We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

    Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

Abstract

X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy are used to study the phase composition, texture, and peculiarities of the morphology of R–Fe–B (R = Nd, Pr, Dy) alloys prepared by strip-casting technology. Along with the traditional structural components of the alloys, namely, areas characterized by randomly oriented fine grains of the main magnetic phase with the Nd2Fe14B-type structure (which are formed near the contact surface of flakes) and coarse extended textured grains of the phase (in the volume of flakes), wide areas characterized by uniform distribution of rare-earth metal-rich phase with a period of 2–4 µm were also found. The formation of these areas takes place in the absence of coarse dendritic crystallites and, according to the suggested mechanism, is related to the solidification of the melt under conditions of its motion upon quenching on a cooled cylindrical surface. Data indicating the melt twisting upon solidification, which favors the formation of the structure with the aforementioned distribution of intergranular phase, are reported. The data obtained are discussed from the viewpoint of their practical utility for the improvement of the structure of alloys prepared by strip-casting and powders for manufacturing Nd–Fe–B permanent magnets.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.
Fig. 10.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Y. Hirose, H. Hasegawa, S. Sasaki, and M. Sagawa, “Microstructure of strip cast alloys for high performance NdFeB magnets,” Proc. of 15th Int. Workshop on REPM and their Applications (Dresden, Germany, 1998) pp. 77–86.

  2. J. Bernardi, J. Fidler, M. Sagawa, and Y. Hirose, “Microstructural analysis of strip cast Nd–Fe–B alloys for high (BH)max magnets,” J. Appl. Phys. 83, 6396–6398 (1998).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Löewe, C. Brombacher, M. Katter, and O. Gutfleisch, “Temperature-dependent Dy diffusion process in Nd–Fe–B Permanent magnets,” Acta Mater. 83, 248–255 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. X. Liu, X. Wang, L. Liang, P. Zhang, J. Jin, J. Zhang, T. Man, and M. Ann, “Rapid coercivity increment of Nd–Fe–B sintered magnets by Dy69Ni31 grain boundary restructuring,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 370, 76–80 (2014).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. G. S. Burkhanov, N. B. Kolchugina, A. A. Lukin, Yu. S. Koshkid’ko, J. Cwik, K. Skotnicova, and V. V. Sitnov, “Structure and magnetic properties of Nd–Fe–B magnets prepared from DyH2-containing powder mixtures,” Inorg. Materials: Appl. Res. 9, 509–516 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  6. G. Fu, J. Wang, M. H. Rong, G. H. Rao, and H. Y. Zhou, “Phase equilibria of the Nd–Fe–B ternary system,” J. Phase Equilib. Diffus. 37, 308–318 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-016-0458-y

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. D. H. Lee, T. S. Jang, D. H. Kim, and A. S. Kim, “Effect of strip-cast conditions on the formation of microstructures in Nd–Fe–B alloys,” J. Korean Magn. Soc. 12, 34–40 (2002). https://doi.org/10.4283/JKMS.2002.12.1.034

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. T. Hattori, N. Fukamachi, R. Goto, N. Tezuka, and S. Sugimoto, “Microstructural evaluation of Nd–Fe–B strip cast alloys,” Mater. Trans. 50, 479–482 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. T.-H. Kim, S.-R. Lee, D.-H. Kim, and T.-S. Jang, “Effect of Dy on the microstructural and magnetic properties of an Nd–Fe–B strip-cast alloy,” Met. Mater. Int. 17, 329–334 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-011-0422-7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. M.-G. Zhu, H.-J. Wang, W. Li, and Zh.-B. Li, “Study on preferred orientation in Nd–Fe–B cast strip,” J. Iron Steel Res. Proceedings of 19th International Workshop on Rare Earth Permanent Magnets & Their Applications (Beijin, China, 2006) vol. 13, suppl. 1, pp. 119–121.

  11. J. F. Herbst, J. J. Croat, and F. E. Pinkerton, “Relationships between crystal structure and magnetic properties in Nd2Fe14B,” Phys. Rev. B 29, 4176–4179 (1984).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Wang, Y. Meng, H. Zhang, H. Tang, R. Lin, C. Sun, C. Wu, and F. Xie, “The characteristic of crystal growth of Nd–Fe–B cast strips during the rapid solidification process,” J. Met., Mater. Miner. 396, 283–287 (2015).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. K. Yamamoto and R. Murakami, “Microstructural analysis of NdFeB ternary alloy for magnets fabricated using a strip-casting method,” Mater. Trans. 57, 1266–1271 (2016).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Chen, W. Xu, Zh. Ye, Y. Yao, J. Qu, F. Yun, J. A. Warner, Zh. Cheng, J. Liu, S. P. Ringer, M. Ferry, and R. Zheng, “Microstructural and texture evolution of strip cast Nd–Fe–B flake,” Cryst. Growth Des. 17, 6550–6558 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.7b01213

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. V. A. Glebov, A. V. Glebov, A. S. Bakulina, I. V. Efremov, S. I. Ivanov, B. V. Safronov, E. N. Shingarev, V. P. Vyatkin, D. Yu. Vasilenko, D. Yu. Bratushev, A. G. Popov, T. Z. Puzanova, and N. V. Kudrevatykh, “Study of the first domestic magnetic alloys obtained by STRIP-CASTING technology, Fiz. Khim. Obr. Mater., No. 3, 16–20 (2011).

  16. A. V. Glebov, S. I. Ivanov, B. V. Safronov, and A. P. Chukanov, “Using the high-speed directional crystallization method to obtain Nd–Fe–B alloys with improved magnetic characteristics,” Voprosy Atomnoi Nauki I Tekhniki. Seriya: Materialovedenie I Novye Materialy, No. 2, 90–99 (2013).

  17. K. Skotnicova, G. S. Burkhanov, T. Čegan, N. B. Kolchugina, A. A. Lukin, J. Juřica, P. A. Prokof’ev, N. A. Dormidontov, M. Kursa, O. Životsky, and B. Smetana, “Microstructure investigation of strip-cast Nd–Fe–B alloy,” METAL 2019 Conference Proceedings, 28th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials (Brno, Czech Republic, 2019) pp. 1357–1362. ISBN 978-80-87294-92-5.

  18. I. Horcas, R. Fernández, J. M. Gómez-Rodríguez, J. Colchero, J. Gómez-Herrero, and A. M. Baro, “WSXM: A software for scanning probe microscopy and a tool for nanotechnology,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 78, 013705 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. H. Takatani, Ch.-A. Gandin, and M. Rappaz1, “EBSD characterisation and modeling of columnar dendritic grains growing in the presence of fluid flow,” Acta Mater. 48, 675–688 (2000).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. D. Y. Vasilenko, A. V. Shitov, A. V. Vlasyuga, A. G. Popov, N. V. Kudrevatykh, and N. V. Pechishcheva, “Microstructure and properties of Nd–Fe–B alloys produced by strip casting and of permanent magnets fabricated from them,” Met. Sci. Heat Treat. 56, 585–590 (2015).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. V. V. Gerasimov, E. M. Visik, and E. V. Kolyadov, “The relationship of the shape of the crystallization front with the structure of heat-resistant alloys in the process of directional crystallization,” Elektronnyi Nauchnyi Zhurn. “TRUDY VIAM”, No. 6, (2014).

  22. V. L. Mironov, Fundamentals of Scanning Probe Microscopy (Institute of Physics of Microstructures RAS, Nizhnii Novgorod, 2004) [in Russian]

    Google Scholar 

  23. G. V. Shlyakhova, S. A. Barannikova, and L. B. Zuev, “On the use of atomic force microscopy in metallography,” Metally 2019, 1040–1044 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank specialists from the Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for useful comments while writing the manuscript.

Funding

This study was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, agreement no. 14.616.21.0093, unique identification number RFMEFI61618X0093, and by the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sport of the Czech Republic (project. no. LTARF18031).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334, Moscow, Russia

    N. B. Kolchugina, G. S. Burkhanov, N. A. Dormidontov, P. A. Prokof’ev, M. V. Zelezhnyi & A. S. Bakulina

  2. JSC Spetsmagnit, 127238, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Lukin & P. A. Prokof’ev

  3. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Physics Department, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    T. P. Kaminskaya & B. A. Ginzburg

  4. Vysoka Skola Banska—Technical University of Ostrava, 70800, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic

    K. Skotnicova, M. Kursa & T. Cegan

  5. National University of Science and Technology MISiS, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    M. V. Zelezhnyi

Authors
  1. N. B. Kolchugina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. A. Lukin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. T. P. Kaminskaya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. G. S. Burkhanov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. K. Skotnicova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. M. Kursa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. N. A. Dormidontov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. P. A. Prokof’ev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. M. V. Zelezhnyi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. T. Cegan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. B. A. Ginzburg
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. A. S. Bakulina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. B. Kolchugina.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kolchugina, N.B., Lukin, A.A., Kaminskaya, T.P. et al. Morphological Peculiarities of R–Fe–B (R = Nd, Pr) Alloys Formed upon Solidification by Strip-Casting. Phys. Metals Metallogr. 121, 772–782 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X20080049

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X20080049

Keywords:

Search

Navigation