Abstract
The effect of gadolinium additives on the morphology, phase composition, and catalytic properties of MoVSbNbGdOx/SiO2 catalysts in the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene (ODE) is studied. It is shown that gadolinium concentration has a significant effect on the catalytic properties. At an optimum gadolinium content (Gd/Mo = 0.01–0.015), an increase in catalytic activity and ethylene selectivity is observed: at a temperature of 400°C, the ethylene yield achieves 72%, the ethane conversion is higher than 91%, and the ethylene selectivity is higher than 79%. According to X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning and transmission electron microscopy, the main component of the catalyst is the M1 phase stabilized both in the bulk and on the surface of SiO2 particles. The modification of the catalyst with gadolinium significantly affects the morphology of the M1 phase particles. At an optimum gadolinium content, heat treatment leads to the formation mostly of M1 phase particles with a needle-like morphology and the most developed [001] plane emerging on the surface, which exhibit the maximally high activity in ODE. The M1 phase particles with this morphology are mostly stabilized in the bulk of porous spherical SiO2 particles; therefore, they do not undergo strong agglomeration and sintering. A smaller portion of the M1 phase particles with a plate-like morphology, which exhibit a lower catalytic activity, as well as the M2 phase particles, are stabilized on the outer surface of the SiO2 particles. In the catalyst containing no Gd additives, M1 phase particles with a plate-like morphology are mostly formed; this factor leads to a decrease in the catalyst activity. The synthesized catalyst exhibits a long-term stable on-stream behavior in the reaction medium without a deterioration of the properties.
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This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under a state task to Boreskov Institute of Catalysis of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (project АААА-А21-121011390054-1).
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Translated by M. Timoshinina
Abbreviations and notation: ODE, oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethylene; XRD, X-ray diffraction analysis; HRTEM, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; XPS, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy; EDS, energy dispersive spectroscopy; EDX, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; τ, contact time; Х, ethane conversion; Si, product selectivity; B, ethylene yield; C, concentration; U, reaction mixture flow rate; m, catalyst weight; W1, ethane conversion rate; W2, ethylene formation rate; SBET, specific surface area; VΣ, total pore volume; Vs, mesopore volume; Dmes, dominant mesopore diameter; Vmac, macropore volume; Dmac, macropore diameter
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Zenkovets, G.A., Shutilov, A.A., Bondareva, V.M. et al. Effect of Gadolinium Additives on the Active Phase Morphology and Physicochemical and Catalytic Properties of MoVSbNbGdOx/SiO2 Catalysts in the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane to Ethylene. Kinet Catal 63, 732–746 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0023158422060179
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0023158422060179