Skip to main content
Log in

Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the 2-Hydroxyquinoxaline Structure: Study of the Tautomerization Equilibrium System and Analysis of the Electronic Properties

  • Published:
Journal of Structural Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

All reasonable tautomers of 2-hydroxyquinoxaline (2HQ) are investigated by the DFT B3LYP/6-311G(d) method. The optimized geometries corresponding to the minimum energy show that the keto form QX2 is the most stable form. The geometry optimization parameters (bond lengths, bond angles) are compared to the X-ray values. Calculated FTIR, UV, and NMR spectra of QX2 are compared to the experimental data to achieve a synergetic computational and spectroscopic approach for the structure analysis of 2HQ. The electronic properties, frontier molecular orbitals, and Mulliken atomic charges are calculated.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. A. Carta, S. Piras, and G. Paglietti, Mini-Rev. Med. Chem., 6, 1179–2000 (2006).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. M. Nasr and A. Nasr, Arch. Pharm. Pharm. Med. Chem., 8, 389–394 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. S. Piras, M. Loriga, and G. Paglietti, IL Farmaco, 59, 185–194 (2002).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. J. Y. Lee, J. Mater. Chem., 19, 4938–4945 (2009).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. J. W. Connell, Polymer, 33, 3739–3743 (1992).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. N. Padjama, S. Ramakumar, and M. A. Viswamitra, Acta Crystallogr., 43, 2239 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  7. S. Ribeiro, M. A. V. Matos, and M. S. J. Miranda, J. Phys. Chem. A, 104, 6644 (2000).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. S. Yurdakul and T. Polat, J. Mol. Struct., 963, 194–201 (2010).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. D. Becke, J. Chem. Phys., 98, 5648–5652 (1993).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Marques, C. Ullrich, F. Nogueira, A. Rubio, K. Burke, and E.K.U. Gross, in: Lecture Notes in Physics, vol. 706, Springer, Berlin (2006), pp. 197–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. F. Nalewajski and J. Math, Roman Chem., 47, 1068–1076 (2010).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. K. Wolinski, J. F. Hilton, and P. Pulay, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 8251–8260 (1990).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Chem3D Ultra version 12.0 2010, CambridgeSoft Corporation (1986-2002).

  14. Gaussian 09, Gaussian Inc, Wallingford, CT (2009).

  15. L. Antonov, Tautomerism: Methods and Theories, Wiley–WCH, Weinheim (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  16. A. Stepiei, M. J. Grabowski, and M. Cygler, Acta Crystallogr., 91–416 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  17. E. Sawicki, E. Chastain, B. Bryant, and H. A. Carr, J. Org. Chem., 22, 625–629 (1957).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. R. Pohl, Magn. Reson. Chem., 50, 415–423 (2012).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. ChemicalBook; http: // www.chemicalbook.com/ProductIndex_EN.aspx.

  20. A. R. Katritzky, N. G. Akhmedov, S. Majumder, R. G. Akhmedova, and C. D. Hall, Magn. Reson. Chem., 45, 532–543 (2007).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. H. O. Kalinowski, S. Berger, and S. Braun, Carbon-13 NMR Spectroscopy, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (1988).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Makhloufi.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © 2018 A. Makhloufi, R. Ghemit, M. Baitiche, M. Merbah.

The text was submitted by the authors in English. Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 59, No. 1, pp. 77–84, January–February, 2018.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Makhloufi, A., Ghemit, R., Baitiche, M. et al. Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of the 2-Hydroxyquinoxaline Structure: Study of the Tautomerization Equilibrium System and Analysis of the Electronic Properties. J Struct Chem 59, 71–79 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022476618010110

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022476618010110

Keywords

Navigation