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Late Biochemical and Cytogenetic Changes in Plasma and Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in People Exposed to Low-dose Radiation as a Result of the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant

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Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate the biochemical and cytogenetic parameters in peripheral blood lymphocytes in participants in the Chernobyl accident liquidation who were exposed to external and internal radiation in the dose range (0.1–70 cSv) and children living in territories with different levels of radionuclide contamination (1–20 Ci/km2) as a result of the Chernobyl accident. The effects of low-intensity radiation were studied in a comparative analysis of the relationship between the chromatid break index, the rate of mutagenesis in somatic cells (lymphocytes), and the level of reduced glutathione in blood plasma. The increased frequency of chromatid breaks in lymphocytes and an increased level of reduced glutathione in the blood plasma in children and liquidators exposed to low doses of radiation (0.1–20 cSv) were found to be statistically significant compared to the control. As the radiation dose increased (20–70 cSv), the increase in cytogenetic abnormalities in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of liquidators and children from Chechersk (Gomelsk oblast, Belarus) was accompanied by a decrease in the water-soluble antioxidant level in the plasma. The data on the relationship of the reduced glutathione level with the major indices of the cytogenetic status are important for identification of later pathological health-related conditions in people exposed to chronic ionizing radiation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334, Moscow, Russia

    G. F. Ivanenko

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  1. G. F. Ivanenko
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Correspondence to G. F. Ivanenko.

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COMPLIANCE WITH ETHICAL STANDARDS

All procedures performed in a study involving people were consistent with the ethical standards of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent changes. Informed voluntary consent was obtained from study participants.

All applicable international, national, and institutional principles for animal care and use were followed.

CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Translated by I. Shipounova

Abbreviations: GSH, reduced glutathione; GSSG, disulfide groups or oxidized glutathione; CBI, chromatid break index.

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Ivanenko, G.F. Late Biochemical and Cytogenetic Changes in Plasma and Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in People Exposed to Low-dose Radiation as a Result of the Accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. BIOPHYSICS 64, 917–925 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350919060101

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006350919060101

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