Skip to main content
Log in

Long-haul vehicle routing and scheduling with idling options

  • Published:
Journal of the Operational Research Society

Abstract

This paper introduces the vehicle routing and truck driver scheduling problem with idling options, an extension of the long-haul vehicle routing and truck driver scheduling problem with a more comprehensive objective function that accounts for routing cost, driver cost and idling cost, i.e., the cost associated with energy supply used to maintain drivers’ comfort when the vehicle is not moving. For the idling cost, we consider Electrified Parking Space (EPS) and Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) usage costs. The use of EPSs or APUs avoids keeping the engine running while the vehicle is not moving. We develop a multi-start matheuristic algorithm that combines adaptive large neighborhood search and mixed integer linear programming. We present extensive computational results on instances derived from the Solomon test bed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Archetti C and Savelsbergh MWP (2009). The trip scheduling problem. Transportation Science 43(4):417–431.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Archetti C and Speranza MG (2014). A survey on matheuristics for routing problems. EURO Journal on Computational Optimization 2(4):223–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Argonne National Laboratory (2015). Long-haul truck idling burns up profits. United States Department of Energy Argonne National Laboratory. http://www.anl.gov/sites/anl.gov/files/es_long-haul_truck_idling_factsheet_Sept2015.pdf, accessed 25 July 2016.

  • Baldacci R, Mingozzi A and Roberti R (2011). New route relaxation and pricing strategies for the vehicle routing problem. Operations Research 59(5):1269–1283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boschetti MA, Maniezzo V, Roffilli M and Röhler AB (2009). Matheuristics: Optimization, simulation and control. In International Workshop on Hybrid Metaheuristics (pp. 171–177). Berlin: Springer.

  • Bräysy O, Hasle G and Dullaert W (2004). A multi-start local search algorithm for the vehicle routing problem with time windows. European Journal of Operational Research 159(3):586–605.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carrier (2016). Auxiliary power unit. http://www.carrier.com/truck-trailer/en/north-america/products/na-truck-trailer/special-products/auxiliary-power-unit/, accessed 03 January 2016.

  • Cherkesly M, Desaulniers G and Laporte G (2015). A population-based metaheuristic for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows and LIFO loading. Computers & Operations Research 62:23–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DOE (2016). Truck stop electrification locator. United States Department of Energy Alternatives Data Center. http://www.afdc.energy.gov/tse_locator/, accessed 08 January 2016.

  • EIA (2016). United States on-highway diesel fuel prices, United States Energy Information Administration. https://www.eia.gov/petroleum/gasdiesel/, accessed 15 July 2016.

  • EnviroDock (2016). http://www.envirodock.com/, accessed 14 January 2016.

  • Erdoğan G, McLeod F, Cherrett T and Bektaş T (2015). Matheuristics for solving a multi-attribute collection problem for a charity organisation. Journal of the Operational Research Society 66(2):177–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FMCSA (2014). Hours of service. United States Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/regulations/hours-of-service, accessed 07 December 2015.

  • Goel A (2009). Vehicle scheduling and routing with drivers working hours. Transportation Science 43:17–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goel A (2012a). The minimum duration truck driver scheduling problem. EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics 1(4):285–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goel A (2012b). The Canadian minimum duration truck driver scheduling problem. Computers & Operations Research 39(10):2359–2367.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goel A (2012c). A mixed integer programming formulation and effective cuts for minimising schedule durations of Australian truck drivers. Journal of Scheduling 15(6):733–741.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goel A, Archetti A and Savelsbergh MWP (2012). Truck driver scheduling in Australia. Computers & Operations Research 39(5):1122–1132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goel A and Kok AL (2012). Truck driver scheduling in the United States. Transportation Science 46:317–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goel A and Rousseau L-M (2012). Truck driver scheduling in Canada. Journal of Scheduling 15:783–799.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goel A and Irnich S (2016). An exact method for vehicle routing and truck driver scheduling problems. Transportation Science. DOI:10.1287/trsc.2016.0678.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goel A. and Vidal T (2014). Hours of service regulations in road freight transport: An optimization-based international assessment. Transportation Science 48(3):391–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koç Ç (2016). A unified-adaptive large neighborhood search metaheuristic for periodic location-routing problems. Transportation Research Part C 68:265–284.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koç Ç, Bektaş T, Jabali O and Laporte, G (2016a). The fleet size and mix location-routing problem with time windows: Formulations and a heuristic algorithm. European Journal of Operational Research 248(1):33–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koç Ç, Bektaş T, Jabali O and Laporte G (2016b). A comparison of three idling options in long-haul truck scheduling. Transportation Research Part B 93:631–647.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kok AL, Meyer CM, Kopfer H and Schutten JMJ (2010). A dynamic programming heuristic for the vehicle routing problem with time windows and European community social legislation. Transportation Science 44(4):442–454.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • NREL (2016). The National Renewable Energy Laboratory. http://www.nrel.gov/, accessed 06 January 2016.

  • Palomo-Martínez PJ, Salazar-Aguilar MA and Laporte G (2016). Planning a selective delivery schedule through adaptive large neighborhood search. CIRRELT working paper, Montréal.

  • Pay Scale (2016). United States truck driver salary. Pay Scale Inc. http://www.payscale.com/research/US/Job=Truck_Driver%2c_Heavy_%2f_Tractor-Trailer/Hourly_Rate, accessed 06 January 2016.

  • Pecin D, Contardo C, Desaulniers G and Uchoa E (2016). New enhancements for the exact solution of the vehicle routing problem with time windows. INFORMS Journal on Computing. (forthcoming).

  • Prescott-Gagnon E, Drexl M and Rousseau L-M (2010). European driver rules in vehicle routing with time windows. Transportation Science 44(4):455–473.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rahman SA, Masjuki HH, Kalam MA, Abedin MJ, Sanjid A and Sajjad H (2013). Impact of idling on fuel consumption and exhaust emissions and available idle-reduction technologies for diesel vehicles—A review. Energy Conversion and Management 74:171–182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rancourt M-È, Cordeau J-F and Laporte G (2013). Long-haul vehicle routing and scheduling with working hour rules. Transportation Science 47(1):81–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ropke S and Pisinger D (2006a). An adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows. Transportation Science 40(4):455–472.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ropke S and Pisinger D (2006b). A unified heuristic for a large class of vehicle routing problems with backhauls. European Journal of Operational Research 171(3):750–775.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shorepower Technologies (2016). http://www.shorepower.com/, accessed 05 January 2016.

  • Solomon MM (1987). Algorithms for the vehicle routing and scheduling problems with time window constraints. Operations Research 35(2):254–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • US Rest Areas (2016). United States Interstate Rest Areas. http://restareas.appspot.com/, accessed 05 August 2016.

  • Xu H, Chen Z-L, Rajagopal S and Arunapuram S (2003). Solving a practical pickup and delivery problem. Transportation Science 37(3):347–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge funding provided by the Canadian Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council under Grants 2015-06189 and 436014-2013. Thanks are due to two referees for their valuable comments.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Çağrı Koç.

Appendix

Appendix

Table 9 presents the detailed results on all benchmark instances for the VRTDSP-IO.

Table 9 Detailed results on the VRTDSP-IO instances

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Koç, Ç., Jabali, O. & Laporte, G. Long-haul vehicle routing and scheduling with idling options. J Oper Res Soc (2017). https://doi.org/10.1057/s41274-017-0202-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41274-017-0202-y

Keywords

Navigation