Abstract
Reflexivity in the understanding and practice of research is not just something to be cultivated amongst researchers. Particularly as models of collaborative research develop—models which tend to already work with a reflexive understanding of research—there is a growing need to think about the reflexivity of the researched. This chapter characterises research as ultimately being about learning across the (recognised) boundaries of social worlds (the academy or, in this case, the police being distinctive social worlds). It will argue that reflexive practice on the part of social researchers, in that it challenges some of the myths about scientific social research, might itself play an important role in encouraging reflexivity on the part of practitioners (or ‘the researched’), and that reflexivity on the part of practitioners will encourage challenge of some of the myths about their practice, fostering a more realistic understanding and ownership of research that sees it not in narrow instrumental, credibility-enhancing terms, but as something relevant and to be learned from, even where—perhaps especially where—it is critical of extant practice. However, local demands of practice, external politics, and interests in maintaining public relations also make reflexive engagement with research a challenge.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
It should be acknowledged that many police officers in Scotland were already reflexive and outward looking prior to SIPR, indeed some of them were instrumental in establishing the collaboration.
- 2.
Here I’m not using ‘critical’ to denote critical theory as such (although it might of course produce very important, albeit challenging insights for practitioners), rather I’m using it in a general way to refer to research that does not merely validate extant practice.
References
Advisory Group on Stop and Search (2015) Report of the Advisory Group on Stop and Search, Edinburgh: The Advisory Group on Stop and Search.
Alvesson, M. and Skoldberg, K. (2009) Reflexive Methodology: New Vistas for Qualitative Research, 2nd edn, London: Sage.
Becker, H.S. (1982) Art Worlds, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Boswell, C. (2009) The Political Uses of Expert Knowledge: Immigration Policy and Social Research, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Case, S. and Haines, K. (2014) Reflective friend research: the relational aspects of social theory. In K. Lumsden and A. Winter (eds) Reflexivity in Criminological Research: Experiences with the Powerful and the Powerless, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan: 58–74.
Davis, P. (1999) ‘What is evidence-based education?’, British Journal of Educational Studies 47(2): 108–121.
Douglas, M. (1986) How Institutions Think, Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press.
Ellison, M. (2015) ‘Police lost 20,000 stop and search records after “wrong button pressed”’, BBC News Website (19 February). URL (accessed on 14 May 2016): http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-31525040.
Engel, R. and Henderson, S (2013) ‘Beyond rhetoric: establishing academic-police collaborations that work’. In J. Brown (ed), The Future of Policing, London: Routledge: 217–236.
Fish, S. (1989) Doing What Comes Naturally: Change, Rhetoric and the Practice of Theory in Literary and Legal Studies, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fleming, J. (2010) ‘Learning to work together: police and academics’, Policing 4(2): 139–145.
Fyfe, N.R. and Wilson, P. (2012) ‘Knowledge exchange and police practice: broadening and deepening the debate around research-practitioner collaborations’, Police Practice and Research 13(4): 306–314.
Giddens, A. (1991) Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age, Cambridge: Polity Press.
Gouldner, A.W. (1970) The Coming Crisis of Western Sociology, London: Heineman Educational Books Ltd.
Henry, A. (2012) ‘Situating community safety: emergent professional identities in communities of practice’, Criminology and Criminal Justice 12(4): 413–431.
Henry, A. (2007) ‘Looking back on Police and People in London’. In A. Henry and D.J. Smith (eds), Transformations of Policing, Aldershot: Ashgate: 1–23.
Henry, A. and Mackenzie, S. (2012) ‘Brokering communities of practice: a model of knowledge exchange and academic-practitioner collaboration developed in the context of community policing’, Police Practice and Research 13(4): 315–328.
Hutcheon, P. (2015) ‘Revealed: Police Scotland and Scottish Government tried to hamper research into stop and search’, Herald Scotland, 22 February.
Innes, M., Fielding, N. and Cope, N. (2005) ‘“The appliance of science?”: the theory and practice of crime intelligence analysis’, British Journal of Criminology vol. 45(1): 39–57.
Johnston, L. and Shearing, C. (2009) ‘From a “dialogue of the deaf” to a “dialogue of the listening”: towards a new methodology of policing research and practice’, Police Practice and Research 10(5–6): 415–422.
Kuhn, T.S. (1996) The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 3rd edn., Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Loftus, B. (2009) Police Culture in a Changing World. Oxford: (Clarendon) Oxford University Press.
McIntyre, A. (2008) ‘Participatory action research’, Qualitative Research Methods Series 52, Thousand Oaks, Cal: Sage.
Mitton, C., Adair, C.E., Mckenzie, E., Patten, S.B. and Perry, B.W. (2007) ‘Knowledge transfer and exchange: review and synthesis of the literature’, The Milbank Quarterly 85(4): 729–768.
Murray, K. (2014a) ‘Stop and search in Scotland: an evaluation of police practice’, SCCJR Report 01/2014.
Murray, K. (2014b) ‘The proactive turn: stop and search in Scotland’, SIPR Annual Report 2013, 24–25.
Murray, K. (2015) The Proactive Turn: Stop and Search in Scotland (A Study in Elite Power). Unpublished University of Edinburgh PhD Thesis.
Nutley, S., Walter, I. and Davies, H.T.O. (2007) Using Evidence: How Research Can Inform Public Services, Bristol: The Policy Press.
Schön, D.A. (1983) The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action, New York, NY: Basic Books.
Smith, D.J. (2007) New challenges to police legitimacy. In A. Henry and D.J. Smith (eds), Transformations of Policing, Aldershot: Ashgate: 273–305.
Sheldon, B. and Chilvers, R. (2000) Evidence-Based Social Care: A Study of Prospects and Problems, Lyme Regis: Russell House.
Wenger, E. (1998) Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning and Identity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Henry, A. (2017). Reflexive Academic–Practitioner Collaboration with the Police. In: Armstrong, S., Blaustein, J., Henry, A. (eds) Reflexivity and Criminal Justice. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-54642-5_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-54642-5_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-137-54641-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-137-54642-5
eBook Packages: Law and CriminologyLaw and Criminology (R0)