Abstract
A new xanthone: mangostanaxanthone VIIII [1,3,5,6,7-pentahydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-8-(3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-enyl) xanthone] (5) and four known xanthones: mangostanaxanthones I (1) and II (2), γ-mangostin (3), and mangostanaxanthone VII (4) were separated and characterized from the acetone fraction of Garcinia mangostana L., Clusiaceae (mangosteen) pericarps. Their structures were established based on various spectroscopic analyses in addition to HRMS and comparison with the literature. The α-amylase inhibitory potential of the isolated metabolites was evaluated. Compounds 1, and 5 had the highest activity with % inhibition 72.5, 86.5, and 81.8, respectively compared to acarbose (97.1%, reference α-amylase inhibitor). The molecular docking study of the tested metabolites was estimated to shade up the rational explanation of the α-amylase inhibitory activity results. Moreover, the pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed using Swiss ADME. It is noteworthy that 1, 2, and 5 had similar binding poses as the X-ray crystal structure of acarbose, whereas the other metabolites possessed different binding mode that decreased their inhibitory capacity. Thus, these data reinforced the health benefit of mangosteen as an alternative medicine to help lowering the postprandial glucose absorption. Therefore, it could have a good potential for the treatment of diabetes.
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SRMI: manuscript submission, data acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of NMR data. GAM: plant collection, concept and design of the study, and supervision of the study. MTK: carrying out docking studies and writing their results. SA, HAH, and KZA: design of the study, interpretation of biological data, and sharing in writing the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Ibrahim, S.R.M., Mohamed, G.A., Khayat, M.T. et al. Mangostanaxanthone VIIII, a new xanthone from Garcinia mangostana pericarps, α-amylase inhibitory activity, and molecular docking studies. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 29, 206–212 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.02.005
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.02.005