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Mass spectrometry in research laboratories and clinical diagnostic: a new era in medical mycology

  • Clinical Microbiology - Review
  • Published:
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Abstract

Diagnosis by clinical mycology laboratory plays a critical role in patient care by providing definitive knowledge of the cause of infection and antimicrobial susceptibility data to physicians. Rapid diagnostic methods are likely to improve patient. Aggressive resuscitation bundles, adequate source control, and appropriate antibiotic therapy are cornerstones for success in the treatment of patients. Routine methods for identifying clinical specimen fungal pathogen are based on the cultivation on different media with the subsequent examination of its phenotypic characteristics comprising a combination of microscopic and colony morphologies. As some fungi cannot be readily identified using these methods, molecular diagnostic methods may be required. These methods are fast, but it can cost a lot. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is suitable for high-throughput and rapid diagnostics at low costs. It can be considered an alternative for conventional biochemical and molecular identification systems in a microbiological laboratory. The reliability and accuracy of this method have been scrutinized in many surveys and have been compared with several methods including sequencing and molecular methods. According to these findings, the reliability and accuracy of this method are very high and can be trusted. With all the benefits of this technique, the libraries of MALDI-TOF MS need to be strengthened to enhance its performance. This review provides an overview of the most recent research literature that has investigated the applications and usage of MT-MS to the identification of microorganisms, mycotoxins, antifungal susceptibility examination, and mycobiome research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Hasti Kamali Sarvestani, Muhammad Ibrahim Getso & Taraneh Razavyoon

  2. Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Alireza Ramandi

  3. Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University, PMB, Kano, 3011, Nigeria

    Muhammad Ibrahim Getso

  4. Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Javad Javidnia & Miaad Banay Golrizi

  5. Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Javad Javidnia

  6. Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali-Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi

  7. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ali-Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi & Saham Ansari

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Correspondence to Ali-Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi or Saham Ansari.

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Ali-Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi and Saham Ansari equally contributed to this paper.

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Sarvestani, H.K., Ramandi, A., Getso, M.I. et al. Mass spectrometry in research laboratories and clinical diagnostic: a new era in medical mycology. Braz J Microbiol 53, 689–707 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-022-00715-3

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