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Salvinia auriculata: chemical profile and biological activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis

  • Veterinary Microbiology - Research Paper
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Abstract

The aquatic plant Salvinia auriculata has been shown to possess promising properties for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus bovine mastitis. The disease affects cattle health and compromises dairy cattle productivity, resulting in reduced milk production and higher mortality rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm activity, and toxicity of S. auriculata root extracts using bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T); determine the chemical composition of the most active extract; and develop an S. auriculata antiseptic solution for pre- and post-milking teat disinfection. Plants were collected during the four seasons of the year. The most active hexane extract was subjected to bioguided fractionation, which resulted in the isolation of six known compounds, stigmast-22-ene-3,6-dione, stigmasterol, friedelinol, β-sitosterol, octadecyl alcohol, and octadecanoic acid. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of the most active extract and isolated compounds were determined against nine S. aureus strains isolated from cows with mastitis. The efficacy of the S. auriculata teat dip formulation was tested using an excised teat model (ex vivo), and promising results were obtained. The S. auriculata extract formulation proved to be as effective as commercial antimicrobials in reducing log counts in excised teats.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Brazil, for the scholarships awarded to J.V.P.B. B., G.A.P., and S.L. We would also like to thank Embrapa/CNPGL, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, for kindly providing the bacterial strains.

Funding

This work was supported by a grant (APQ-00454–11) from the Minas Gerais Research Foundation (Fapemig).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil

    Gislaine Aparecida Purgato, Sâmia Lima, Virgínia Ramos Pizziolo & Marisa Alves Nogueira Diaz

  2. Fundação Ezequiel Dias/FUNED, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30510-010, Brazil

    Jefferson Victor Paula Barros Baeta

  3. Embrapa Gado de Leite, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, 36038-330, Brazil

    Guilherme Nunes de Souza

  4. Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil

    Gaspar Diaz-Muñoz

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  1. Gislaine Aparecida Purgato
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  7. Marisa Alves Nogueira Diaz
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Contributions

G.A. Purgato, S. Lima, and J.V.P.B. Baeta performed the data acquisition and interpretation of data. M.A.N. Diaz, V.R. Pizziolo, G.N. Souza, and G. Diaz-Muñoz performed data analysis, interpretation of data and elaborated the manuscript. All authors performed a critical review and approved the final approval of the version to be published.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marisa Alves Nogueira Diaz.

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Plant study

This plant was registered in SisGen in compliance with Law no. 13,123/2015 and its regulations. Registration number A99795C.

Animal study

The teat experiments were carried out with dairy cows used for human consumption and provided by a slaughterhouse certified by the Department of Inspection of Products of Animal Origin (DIPOA). We declare that no animals were killed to be used in this research.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Responsible Editor: Jorge Luiz Mello Sampaio

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Purgato, G.A., Lima, S., Baeta, J.V.P.B. et al. Salvinia auriculata: chemical profile and biological activity against Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis. Braz J Microbiol 52, 2401–2411 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00595-z

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