Abstract
Understanding the soil phosphorus (P) pool fraction subjected to fertilization and cultivation practices was conducive to improving the effectiveness of P and revealing the changes in and storage of soil organic and inorganic P. However, the changes in soil P fractions caused by long-term fertilization and cultivation remain largely elusive. This study investigated the various soil P fractions and their relationships with selected soil properties in a representative purple soil sloping cropland experiencing long-term fertilization and cultivation. The experiments comprised five treatments: no fertilizer and downslope cultivation (CK); chemical fertilizers and downslope cultivation (T1); 1.5-fold chemical fertilizers and downslope cultivation (T2); manure plus chemical fertilizers and downslope cultivation (T3); and chemical fertilizers and contour cultivation (T4). The soil P fractions were determined at 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil depths using a modified Hedley sequential method. The concentration of soil H2O-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi in T1 significantly reduced by 49.5–55.0% and 68.0-85.2% than in other treatments (T2 and T3) at the 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil depths, respectively. The P fractions showed nonsignificant differences between T1 and T4 at the 0–10 cm soil depth, while the H2O-Pi concentration was 253.9% greater in T4 than in T1 at the 10–20 cm depth. The random forest (RF) model indicated that SOC and TN were the key factors for predicting soil P fractions. Our results show that manure plus chemical fertilizer and contour cultivation can be the recommendable agricultural practices for increasing the labile P fractions (H2O-Pi and NaHCO3-P) in purple soil sloping croplands.
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The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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We particularly appreciate the College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, for providing facilities to conduct the experiments.
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This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U20A20326), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (SWU-KT22060), the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (KJQN202100212), and State Cultivation Base of Eco-agriculture for Southwest Mountainous Land, Southwest University.
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Gaoning Zhang: conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, software, visualization, writing–original draft, writing–review & editing. Asif Khan: Investigation, writing–review & editing. Binghui He: conceptualization, funding acquisition, investigation, conceptualization, supervision, resources, project administration, validation, writing– review & editing. Tianyang Li: writing–review & editing.
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Zhang, G., Khan, A., He, B. et al. Changes in Soil Phosphorus Fractions and their Relationships with Selected Soil Properties After 14 Years of Combined Fertilization and Cultivation Practices in a Sloping Cropland with Entisols. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01801-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-024-01801-1