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Holistic Assessment of Calcium Fertilization in Potato: Diagnostic, Productivity, and Tuber Quality

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Abstract

Calcium (Ca) deficiency could negatively affect potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber yield and quality. Therefore, it is required to develop Ca diagnostic methods and assess the impact of Ca fertilization on tuber yield and quality (dry matter and starch concentration, resistance to mechanical damage, and sensory texture attributes such as firmness, mealiness, granularity, and moisture). Field trials evaluating three Ca rates (0, 40, and 80 kg ha−1) were performed for six site-years. Soil exchangeable Ca (Cae) (0–20 cm) at planting and leaf Ca concentration (CaL) at tuber bulking were measured. At harvest, tuber yield, tuber quality parameters, and tuber Ca concentration (CaT) were determined. On average, across site-years, Ca fertilization increased tuber yield, CaT, and CaL by 16, 14, and 17%, respectively. Yield response to Ca increased 4.5 Mg ha−1 for each cmolc kg−1 reduction in soil Cae below 11.3 cmolc kg−1, while it increased 1.7 Mg ha−1 for each 0.1 g 100 g−1 reduction in CaL below 1.05 g 100 g−1. Calcium fertilization increased tuber dry matter (5%), starch (13%), and sensory texture attributes, mainly firmness (103%) and mealiness (70%). Also, these parameters were positively associated with CaT. The mechanical damage depth and mechanical damage index decreased with increments in Ca rate and CaT. Under Ca deficiencies, Ca fertilization is a recommended management practice for improving potato yield and quality while reducing tuber mechanical damage.

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Abbreviations

Ca:

Calcium

MDI:

Mechanical damage index

Cae :

Exchangeable Ca concentration

CaL :

Leaf Ca concentration

CaT :

Tuber Ca concentration

DM:

Dry matter

SOM:

Soil organic matter

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the FCA-UNMP projects AGR527/17 and AGR583/19 and FONCyT project PICT-2020-SerieA-01330.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Ruta, 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    C. M. Giletto, M. Kloster Erreguerrena, P. Ceroli, W. Carciochi, S. E. Silva, S. Rodriguez & N. I. Reussi Calvo

  2. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria—INTA, Ruta, 226 km 73.5, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    P. Ceroli

  3. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    W. Carciochi & N. I. Reussi Calvo

  4. Soil, Water and Crop Management Group, EEA Oliveros INTA, Ruta 11 Km 353, 2206, Oliveros, Santa Fe, Argentina

    F. Salvagiotti

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  1. C. M. Giletto
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  2. M. Kloster Erreguerrena
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  3. P. Ceroli
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  4. W. Carciochi
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  7. F. Salvagiotti
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  8. N. I. Reussi Calvo
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Contributions

G.C.M.: investigation, formal analysis, writing—original draft, writing, reviewing and editing, resources, project administration. K.E.M.: formal analysis, writing. C.P.: formal analysis, writing—review and editing. C.W.: formal analysis, writing—review and editing. S.S.: investigation, formal analysis, writing—review and editing. R.S.: writing—review and editing. S.F.: writing—review and editing. R.C.N.: formal analysis, writing—original draft, writing, reviewing and editing. All authors provided critical feedback on the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to C. M. Giletto or N. I. Reussi Calvo.

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Highlights

• Calcium fertilization increased potato yield and dry matter and starch concentration in tuber.

• We established soil (11.3 cmolc kg−1) and leaf (1.05 g 100 g−1) calcium sufficiency thresholds.

• Calcium fertilization reduced tuber mechanical damage and improved sensory texture attributes.

• Tuber calcium concentration explained variations in tuber quality parameters.

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Giletto, C.M., Kloster Erreguerrena, M., Ceroli, P. et al. Holistic Assessment of Calcium Fertilization in Potato: Diagnostic, Productivity, and Tuber Quality. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 23, 485–495 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-01060-y

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