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Comparative Effect of Various Organic Extracts Coated Urea Fertilizer on the Release Pattern of Ammonium and Nitrate in the Soil at Different Time Intervals

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Abstract

The losses of nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied to the soil microenvironment reduce its efficiency. Different strategies like the use of polymer coating and chemical nitrification inhibitors had been employed to reduce N losses. But these chemical nitrification inhibitors are very expensive. Thus, a study was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of Parthenium extract, neem oil, and acidulated cow dung compost extract on N dynamics in the soil. Three concentrations of Parthenium extract (5, 10, and 15%) and neem oil (1, 2, and 3%) were coated on urea granules using a polymer as the binding agent. Three pH (2, 4, and 6 pH) based acidulated cow dung compost extracts were also coated on urea granules in the same pattern. These coated fertilizers and uncoated urea were applied in jars filled with soil (100 g per jar) at the rate of 1 g of fertilizer per jar. One treatment was kept as control (without fertilizer). Treatments along three replications were arranged according to the completely randomized design. Results depicted that all coating materials caused the release of N consistently from applied fertilizers compared to uncoated treatment. In addition, percent nitrified N was also reduced significantly in coated treatments in comparison to the uncoated urea and control treatments. However, the level of concentration effect was not obvious as lower concentrations of these extracts and oil also performed almost equal to that of higher concentrations in inhibiting nitrification process.

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Acknowledgements

I want to acknowledge the lab staff of Soil Fertility and Plant Nutrition Lab and Soil and Environmental Microbiology Lab for their kind support during the conduction of the trial. I also want to acknowledge my supervisor for his guidance and support. I am thankful to the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan for their research support initiative under the Indigenous PhD fellowship.

Funding

The study and its the research activities were funded by the Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Adeel Ahmad, Muhammad Yaseen & Hafiz Naeem Asghar

  2. Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra

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  1. Adeel Ahmad
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  2. Muhammad Yaseen
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Correspondence to Adeel Ahmad.

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Ahmad, A., Yaseen, M., Asghar, H.N. et al. Comparative Effect of Various Organic Extracts Coated Urea Fertilizer on the Release Pattern of Ammonium and Nitrate in the Soil at Different Time Intervals. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 22, 2603–2611 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-022-00830-y

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