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In-vitro antibacterial activities of fermented and unfermented Parkia biglobosa seeds against selected entero-pathogens

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Abstract

The study examined the antibacterial effects of both fermented and unfermented ethanolic extracts of Parkia biglobosa seeds against selected entero-pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using agar well diffusion to determine the effect of the extracts against selected entero-pathogenic bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemoliticus, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter youngae, Klebsiella oxytoca and Acinetobacter haemolyticus. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were quantified by measuring its total flavonoid and total phenol contents, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2ʹ-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Phytochemical screening and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry were carried out on both samples using standard methods. The sensitivity test revealed that E. coli, S. aureus, C. youngae, A. haemolyticus and K. oxytoca were more susceptible (25.0 mm, 24.0 mm, 18.0 mm, 27.0 mm, and 17.0 mm) at 100 mg/ml to the crude ethanolic extract of fermented seeds, while S. aureus, E. coli, and A. haemolyticus were more susceptible to the unfermented extract. The seed extracts of fermented and unfermented P. biglobosa were found to be high in phytochemicals such as alkaloids, flavonoids, cardiac, steroids, glycosides, saponins, and tannins. Results showed that calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, zinc, iron, phosphorus, manganese, and copper were present in fermented and unfermented samples. The findings indicated that P. biglobosa seeds had considerably high and dose-dependent DPPH radical scavenging and ferric-reducing properties comparable with respective standards. The various constituents of P. biglobosa extracts enhanced its antibacterial activities. This study concluded that P. biglobosa can be a potential source of bioactive compounds and antioxidants.

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Acknowledgements

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria

    Victor O. Ilesanmi, Kehinde T. Adegbehingbe & Daniel O. Oyeniyi

  2. Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria

    Oluwatosin G. Oke & Adebowale D. Dada

Authors
  1. Victor O. Ilesanmi
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  2. Kehinde T. Adegbehingbe
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  3. Daniel O. Oyeniyi
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  4. Oluwatosin G. Oke
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  5. Adebowale D. Dada
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Contributions

VOI and TKA Conceptualization; DOO, OGO, and TKO writing original draft; VOI, ADD, and OGO writing, review, and editing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Adebowale D. Dada.

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Ilesanmi, V.O., Adegbehingbe, K.T., Oyeniyi, D.O. et al. In-vitro antibacterial activities of fermented and unfermented Parkia biglobosa seeds against selected entero-pathogens. Vegetos (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42535-023-00702-5

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