Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of Application of Compressive and Shear Force on Iron Ore Pellet Wet Feed on Green and Fired Pellet Quality

  • Published:
Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Iron ore pelletizing using compressive and shear action on wet mixture feed has been studied. The physical properties, namely, moisture content, drop strength, green compressive strength (GCS), dry compressive strength (DCS), porosity, and cold crushing strength (CCS), have been studied. Pelletizing tests were carried out on four different types of ore, namely, hematite ore, magnetite ore, goethite ore, and sinter return fines. The inference of shear forces on silica distribution index in dry pellet has been studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Significant improvement in physical strength was observed due to compressive and shear forces on the pellet mixture feed. However, decrease in moisture content and ball porosity has been observed. Silica distribution index improved by 1.72 times for hematite ore, 1.47 times for magnetite ore, and 1.68 times for goethite ore. It has been found that bubble cavity has been reduced which is good indicator in terms of physical properties.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Copeland CR, Claremboux V, Kawatra SK (2018) A comparison of pellet quality from straight-grate and grate-kiln furnaces. Min Process Extract Metall Rev 40:218–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2018.1536050

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Shen F, Gao Q, Jiang X, Wei G, Zheng H (2014) Effect of magnesia on compressive strength of pellets. Int J Miner Metall Mater 21:431–437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-014-0926-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. De Moraes SL, De Lima JRB, Ribeiro TR (2018) Iron ore pelletizing: an overview. IntechOpen, London. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.73164

  4. Sahu SC, Chawla N (2007) Effect of size of iron ore pellets on its reduction kinetics. Dissertation, National Institute of Technology Rourkela.

  5. De Moraes SL, Kawatra SK (2010) Laboratory study of an organic binder for pelletization of a magnetite concentrate. Miner Metall Process 27:148–153. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03402238

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Prusti P, Nayak BK, Biswal SK (2017) Study of temperature profile in the induration of magnetite iron ore pellets. Trans Indian Inst Metals 70:453–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-016-1011-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kumar PS, Ravi BP, Sivrikaya O, Nanda RK (2019) The study of pelletizing of mixed hematite and magnetite ores. Sci Sinter 51:27–38. https://doi.org/10.2298/SOS1901027K

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Battle T, Srivastava U, Kopfle J, Hunter R, McClelland J (2014) The direct reduction of iron. Treatise on Process Metallurgy 3:97. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-096988-6.00016-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Gul A, Sirkeci AA, Boylu F, Guldan G, Burat F (2015) Improvement of mechanical strength of iron ore pellets using raw and activated bentonites as binders. Physicochem Probl Miner Process 51:23–36

    Google Scholar 

  10. Upadhaya RM (2003) Beneficiation studies of banded hematite quartzites and low-grade iron ores of Kamatgi area Hungund Schist Belt Karnatak state in comparison with Goa iron ore. Dissertation, Karnataka University.

  11. Sivrikaya O, Arol AI (2014) Alternative binders to bentonite for iron ore pelletizing: part I: effects on physical and mechanical properties. HOLOS 3:98. https://doi.org/10.15628/holos.2014.1758

  12. Halt JA, Nitz MC, Kawatra SK, Dube M (2015) Iron ore pellet dustiness part i: factors affecting dust generation. Min Process Extract Metall Rev 36:262. https://doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2014.928876

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Patra S, Kumar A, Venugopal R (2017) The effect of particle size on green pellet properties of iron ore fines. J Min Metall A: Mining 53:31–41. https://doi.org/10.5937/JMMA1701031S

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Xiao-hui F, Min G, Tao J, Li-shun Y, Xu-ling C (2010) Influence of flux additives on iron ore oxidized pellets. J Cent South Univ Technol 17:732–737. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-010-0548-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Pal J, Ghorai S, Agarwal S, Nandi B, Chakraborty T, Das G, Prakash S (2015) Effect of blaine fineness on the quality of hematite iron ore pellets for blast furnace. Mineral Processing Extractive Metall Rev 36:83–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2013.873862

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Sardari A, Alamdari EK, Noaparast M, Tonekaboni SZS (2020) The effect of chemical composition and burning temperature on pellet quality. Int J Miner Geo-Engg 54:27–32. https://doi.org/10.22059/ijmge.2019.252624.594716

  17. Chowdhury GM, Ram C, Ram R, Pan SK (2016) Study on the induration cycle during pelletization of goethitic iron ore. MIST Ranchi.

  18. Ayyandurai A, Pal J (2017) Influences of carbonaceous materials on the quality of hematite ore pellets. The 3rd International Conference on Science and Technology of Ironmaking and Steelmaking, Kanpur.

  19. Dwarapudi S, Sekhar C, Paul I, Modi K, Pal AR, Chakraborty U, Das BK (2017) Effects of fluxing agents on the quality and microstructure of hematite pellets. Int J Metall Engg 6:18–30. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.ijmee.20170601.03

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bhuiyan IU, Forsmo SPE, Hedlund J (2011) Quantitative image analysis of bubble cavities in iron ore green pellets. Powder Technol 214:306–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.08.028

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Xu Z, Wen W, Zhai T (2012) Effects of pore position in depth on stress/strain concentration and fatigue crack initiation. Metall Mater Trans A - Phy Metall Mat Sci 43:2768–2770. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-011-0947-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Umadevi T, Kumar P, Lobo NF, Mahapatra P, Prabhu M, Ranjan M (2009) Effect of iron ore pellet size on its properties and microstructure. Steel research int 80:712–715. https://doi.org/10.2374/SRI08SP169

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Kawatra SK, Ripke SJ (2001) Developing and understanding the bentonite fiber bonding mechanism. Int J Miner Process 14:647–659. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-6875(01)00056-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Kawatra SK, Ripke SJ (2002) Effects of bentonite fibre formation in iron ore pelletization. Int J Miner Process 65:141–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-7516(01)00062-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the management of Tata Steel, especially Mr. Vinay V Mahashabde (Chief R&D and Product Technology), for permission to use the necessary data in this publication. The authors also want to thank Mr. Surajit Sinha, Chief of Agglomerates, for his inputs. The authors also want to thank Mr. Md Irfan Ansari, Md. Sahib, and Mr Sajid Ansari for experimental support. Thanks are also due to Mr. Uttam Singh (Vice President—Iron Making) and Dr. Debashish Bhattacharjee (Vice President—Technology and New Material Business) for their support of this project.

Funding

This project is supported by Tata Steel Ltd.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Development, Tata Steel Ltd, Jamshedpur, 831001, India

    Neha Gupta, Chandra Sekhar, Shaik Mahaboob Basha, Dhiraj Madhukar Kadhe, Manikanta Nallamilli, Srinivas Dwarapudi & Saurabh Kundu

  2. Scientific Services, Tata Steel Ltd, Jamshedpur, 831001, India

    Shakuntala Tudu

  3. Pellet Plant, Tata Steel Ltd, Jamshedpur, 831001, India

    Indrajit Paul

Authors
  1. Neha Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chandra Sekhar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shaik Mahaboob Basha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Dhiraj Madhukar Kadhe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Manikanta Nallamilli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Srinivas Dwarapudi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Saurabh Kundu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Shakuntala Tudu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Indrajit Paul
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Neha Gupta.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gupta, N., Sekhar, C., Basha, S.M. et al. Effect of Application of Compressive and Shear Force on Iron Ore Pellet Wet Feed on Green and Fired Pellet Quality. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration 39, 805–821 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-022-00540-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461-022-00540-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation