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Identification of field relevant powdery mildew and yellow rust resistant donors in some advanced breeding material of wheat through GGE biplot analysis

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Abstract

Among various diseases of wheat, powdery mildew (PM; Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici) and yellow rust (YR; Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) are the major constraints resulting in yield losses of 13–100 and 50–100 per cent, respectively. These diseases take a heavy toll of the crop in North Hill Zone (NHZ) and North Western Plain Zone (NWPZ) of India and may be effectively managed by breeding and deployment of resistant varieties. However, evolution of new and matching virulences of the pathogens render the resistant varieties susceptible after a short period of their commercial cultivation. It necessitates resistance breeding program to be a continuous process. It requires identification and utilization of diverse resistant donors. In this context, PM and YR resistance was determined in 57 advanced breeding lines, developed at Chaudhary Sarwan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya; Rice and Wheat Research Centre, Malan, were evaluated at hot spot locations for PM viz., Palampur (2016–17 and 2017–18), Malan (2016–17) and Kukmseri (Summer 2016) and YR viz., Dhaulakuan (2016–17), Kukmseri (Summer 2016), Malan (2016–17) and Keylong (Summer 2017). Analysis of variance showed that the effect of genotype (G), environment (E) and genotype x environment interaction (GXE) for PM and YR disease severity was highly significant. Among the three sources of variation, the largest contribution to disease severity of PM and YR viz., 54.43 and 46.36 per cent, respectively, was due to genotype x environment (GXE) interaction whereas, environment (E) and genotype (G) accounted for 15.16 and 30.40 per cent and 11.63 and 42.00 per cent of the total variation for PM and YR, respectively. GGE biplot analysis showed that 5 and 34 genotypes showed stable resistance to PM and YR, respectively. Genotypes viz., AB-101, BW 236, DW 212 and PW 1074 with combined resistance to PM and YR were suitable donors for breeding programs. Moreover, Kukumseri and Keylong may be harnessed as ideal screening sites for PM and YR, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Pathology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, District, Kangra, 176062, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Amritpal Mehta & Ashwani Kumar Basandrai

  2. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, District, Kangra, 176062, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Daisy Basandrai

  3. Rice and Wheat Research Centre, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Malan, District (H.P), Kangra, 176047, India

    Vijay Rana

  4. Division of Plant Breeding and Genetics, SKUAST, Chatha, Jammu, 180009, India

    Parveen Singh

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  1. Amritpal Mehta
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  2. Ashwani Kumar Basandrai
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Correspondence to Ashwani Kumar Basandrai.

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Mehta, A., Basandrai, A.K., Basandrai, D. et al. Identification of field relevant powdery mildew and yellow rust resistant donors in some advanced breeding material of wheat through GGE biplot analysis. Indian Phytopathology 75, 405–418 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-022-00475-y

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