Abstract
Removing deleterious cationic dyes from wastewater is crucial due to their persistence, toxicity, and harmful effects on public health and ecosystems. In this study, microwaved chitosan nanoparticles (MWCNP) were synthesized and characterized using transmission electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to assess their size and functional groups. Then, nascent polyvinylidene fluoride-polyethylene glycol membrane and composite membranes were fabricated with varying MWCNP concentrations (0.3–1.0 wt.%) through the non-solvent phase inversion (NIPs) technique. The resulting membranes underwent analysis for porosity, contact angle, tensile strength, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), permeate flux, surface zeta potential, fouling resistance, and dye removal. Composite membranes outperformed nascent ones, with the 0.7 wt.% MWCNP composite membrane exhibiting the best performance, having a contact angle of 49.8°, a zeta potential of − 47.4 mV, tensile strength of 2.9 MPa, porosity of 83.7%, methylene blue removal of 96.7%, and permeate flux of 125.3 L.m−2.h−1. The 0.7 wt.% MWCNP composite membrane also showed enhanced antifouling properties after three filtration cycles with an FRR of 80.7% and an RFR of 16.2%. These results demonstrate the efficiency of MWCNP-containing membranes, making them suitable for textile wastewater treatment.
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This work was funded by the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), under FRGS with grant number FRGS/1/2019/TK10/UPM/02 and the Tertiary Education Trust Fund, through Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria (TETF/UNIV/KWASU/ASTD/2019). This research was also partially supported by the Kurita Asia Research Grant (grant number: 22Pmy004) provided by the Kurita Water and Environment Foundation.
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Kamil Kayode Katibi, Noordinie Afina bt. Noorisma Khairul Aqmar, and Hanis Masyithah Binti Ilias: experiment, methodology, and original draft. Khairul Faezah Md Yunos: conceptualization and methodology. Ibrahim Garba Shitu: conceptualization and visualization. Kamil Kayode Katibi and Ibrahim Garba Shitu: methodology and visualization. Kamil Kayode Katibi: methodology, supervision, and visualization. Siti Hajar bt Othman: methodology and data curation. Khairul Faezah Md Yunos, Siti Hajar bt Othman, Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, and Kamil Kayode Katibi: data curation, methodology, writing—review and editing, and resources.
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Katibi, K.K., Shitu, I.G., Othman, S.H.b. et al. Development of eco-friendly microwaved chitosan-based nanocomposite membrane for efficient capturing of cationic dyes from aqueous solution: permeability and fouling studies. emergent mater. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-024-00664-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-024-00664-7