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One-pot concurrent biosynthesis of biphasic CuxO (cuprous and cupric oxide) nanoparticles using leaf extract of Eichhornia crassipes and investigation of their potent healthcare applications

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Abstract

Eichhornia crassipes, an aquatic weed, has been used for the one-pot quick synthesis of cuprous and cupric oxide nanoparticles in this report. The identification and validation of the formed nanoparticles were successfully done by sophisticated characterization techniques such as UV–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Their biomedical interventions were assessed by their antioxidant and anticancer activities. The synthesized nanoparticles have a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 10 nm. Antioxidant assay performed showed an increasing trend in a dose-dependent manner with the percentage radical scavenging activity up to 94.70% at a much higher concentration of 1000 µg/ml. The antioxidant potential at such higher concentration is suspected to invoke a change in the cytotoxic potential of the nanoparticles which is then verified by the MTT assay. A significant cytotoxic activity against HeLa (cervical cancer) and HCT 116 (colorectal carcinoma) cell lines was detected with noted IC50 values of 17.17 and 13.70 µg/ml respectively. The conclusive findings obtained are enough to substantiate the use of these nanoparticles in biomedical areas specifically in anticancer treatment due to their high toxicities. The hazards imposed by Eichhornia crassipes can be alleviated by using them as biofactories for the synthesis of a variety of nanomaterials. This helps in curbing the water pollution issues as well as the developing synthesis protocols for robust and stable nanoparticles.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Mr. Gholap, CSIR-NCL, Pune, for assisting in TEM. The authors also acknowledge Ms. Rutuja Gumathannavar for the collection of leaves, and Dr. Animesh Deval and Dr. Amit Choudhari for helping in in vitro work.

Funding

Author AM is thankful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for the fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India

    Aliesha Moudgil, Sanjana Varma, Koteswara Rao Vamkudoth, Rajnigandha A. Shende & Bhushan P. Chaudhari

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India

    Aliesha Moudgil, Sanjana Varma, Koteswara Rao Vamkudoth, Rajnigandha A. Shende & Bhushan P. Chaudhari

  3. Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology, Panchvati, Off Pashan Road, Pune, 411008, India

    Manish D. Shinde

  4. Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India

    Dhiman M. Sarkar

  5. Nano Particles Technology Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea

    Dinesh Amalnerkar

  6. Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India

    Dinesh Amalnerkar

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  1. Aliesha Moudgil
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  8. Bhushan P. Chaudhari
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Contributions

BPC contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection was done by AM, SV, and RAS. Material preparation and analysis were performed by AM and SV. MDS and DA helped in material characterization. KRV and DMS helped in in vitro studies. The first draft of the manuscript was written by AM and SV, and the review and editing of manuscript was performed by BPC, KRV, DMS, MDS, and DA. All the authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bhushan P. Chaudhari.

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Moudgil, A., Varma, S., Shinde, M.D. et al. One-pot concurrent biosynthesis of biphasic CuxO (cuprous and cupric oxide) nanoparticles using leaf extract of Eichhornia crassipes and investigation of their potent healthcare applications. emergent mater. 5, 323–333 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-022-00347-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-022-00347-1

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