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Evolution of MnS and MgO·Al2O3 inclusions in AISI M35 steel during electroslag remelting

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Abstract

Thermodynamics and kinetics of dissociation and precipitation of MnS inclusions, as well as the effect of reoxidation in liquid steel on MgO·Al2O3 inclusions in AISI M35 steel during electroslag remelting (ESR) process were investigated. The inclusions found in the consumable electrode were MnS, MgO·Al2O3 and MnS adhering to MgO·Al2O3. MnS inclusions were nearly spherical and ellipse in morphology, and most of them were less than 2 μm in size. MgO·Al2O3 inclusions were polygonal and nearly spherical and most about 1–4 μm in size. The inclusions in ESR ingot observed by scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer were polygonal and nearly spherical MgO·Al2O3. MnS inclusions in the consumable electrode were completely dissociated before the liquid film dripping into molten slag pool. The controlling step of MnS inclusions dissociation was the mass transfer of [Mn] in the liquid steel. During the solidification process, the thermodynamic driving force could not meet MnS inclusions precipitation before the solid fraction exceeds 0.996, and the kinetics condition is too poor for the growth of MnS inclusions in the steel when the solid fraction is larger than 0.996. MgO·Al2O3 inclusions in ESR ingot originated from the remained MgO·Al2O3 inclusions in consumable electrode and the fresh ones formed by the reaction between dissolved magnesium, oxygen and aluminum in liquid steel.

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Acknowledgements

The financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52104339) and the Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking (Grant No. KF-20-3) are greatly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for New Processes of Ironmaking and Steelmaking, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, Hubei, China

    Ding-li Zheng, Guo-jun Ma, Xiang Zhang, Meng-ke Liu & Zhi Li

  2. State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, Hubei, China

    Ding-li Zheng, Guo-jun Ma, Xiang Zhang, Meng-ke Liu & Zhi Li

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  1. Ding-li Zheng
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  2. Guo-jun Ma
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Correspondence to Guo-jun Ma.

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Zheng, Dl., Ma, Gj., Zhang, X. et al. Evolution of MnS and MgO·Al2O3 inclusions in AISI M35 steel during electroslag remelting. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 28, 1605–1616 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-021-00698-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-021-00698-9

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