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Frailty detection by healthcare professionals: a systematic review of the available English and French tools and their validation

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An Editorial to this article was published on 30 June 2023

Key summary points

AbstractSection Aim

We aim to provide the most accurate data about frailty detection tools used by healthcare professionals.

AbstractSection Findings

The number of criteria used by tools to detect frailty is broad and distributed in a total of nine different domains. There is a lack of homogeneity in the evaluation of the tools.

AbstractSection Message

The great heterogeneity in the criteria and domains used to detect frailty and in the evaluation of the tools highlights a lack of strong recommendations for the creation, evaluation, and validation of frailty detection tools.

Abstract

Background

There is a wide variety of frailty detection tools, but no gold standard. Choosing the most appropriate tool can therefore be complicated. Our systematic review seeks to provide useful data on the frailty detection tools available to help healthcare professionals in choosing a tool.

Method

We systematically searched for articles published between January 2001 and December 2022 in three electronic databases. Articles were to be written in English or French and were to discuss a frailty detection tool used by healthcare professionals in a population without specific health conditions. Any self-testing, physical testing or biomarkers were excluded. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were also excluded. Data were extracted from two coding grids; one for the criteria used by the tools to detect frailty and the other for the evaluation of clinimetric parameters. The quality of the articles was assessed using QUADAS-2.

Results

A total of 52 articles, covering 36 frailty detection tools, were included and analysed in the systematic review. Forty-nine different criteria were identified, with a median of 9 (IQR 6–15) criteria per tool. Regarding the evaluation of tool performances, 13 different clinimetric properties were identified, with a mean of 3.6 (± 2.2) properties assessed per tool.

Conclusion

There is considerable heterogeneity in the criteria used to detect frailty, as well as in the way tools are evaluated.

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Fig. 1

Adapted from: Page et al. [88]

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Data availability

All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its Supplementary Information.

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Acknowledgements

We thank P. Evrard for her help in the design of the study and for her critical reading of the first draft of the manuscript.

Funding

This research received no external funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons (UMONS), Chemin du Champ de Mars, 25, Bât. 6, 7000, Mons, Belgium

    Julien Bamps, Bastien Capouillez & Stéphanie Patris

  2. Clinical Orthopedagogy Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Mons (UMONS), Mons, Belgium

    Romina Rinaldi

Authors
  1. Julien Bamps
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  2. Bastien Capouillez
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  3. Romina Rinaldi
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  4. Stéphanie Patris
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Contributions

Conceptualization and design of the study: JB, SP and RR. Data collection and initial data analysis: JB and BC. Performed data analysis and interpretation: JB, BC and SP. Preparation of manuscript: JB. Critical reviewing and editing the first and subsequent drafts of the manuscript: SP. Critical revision of the manuscript and read and approval of the final manuscript: JB, SP, RR.

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Correspondence to Julien Bamps.

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Bamps, J., Capouillez, B., Rinaldi, R. et al. Frailty detection by healthcare professionals: a systematic review of the available English and French tools and their validation. Eur Geriatr Med 14, 773–787 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-023-00806-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-023-00806-w

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