Abstract
The alumina ceramic composites (ACCs) reinforced had been prepared using nano-copper metal (NCM) particles as they strengthen the phase. The powder metallurgy technique was selected to prepare the ACCs. The specific objective of this study was to examine the effect of adding NCM particles on the physical and mechanical properties of alumina ceramics. Transmissio electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and mechanical tests (hardness and indirect tensile stress) were utilized to identify the ceramic phases, microstructure, chemical composition, and mechanical properties. Various ratios of Cu metal were added (3, 6, 9, and 12 wt% NCM particles). The results of examination showed that with increasing ratios of NCM particles, the mechanical properties (hardness and tensile stress) increased and the porosity decreased. The increase in mechanical properties may be attributed to the toughening mechanism using particles as a second phase, the decrease in the porosity, and the increase in the ACCs density.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Tang, F.F., Fudouzi, H., Uchikoshi, T., Sakka, Y.: Preparation of porous materials with controlled pore size and porosity. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 24, 341–344 (2004)
Wang, H., Chen, D., Wang, C.-A., Zhang, R., Fang, D.: Preparation and characterization of high-toughness ZrB 2/Mo composites by hot-pressing process. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials (IJRMHM). 27, 1024–1026 (2009)
Chmielewski, M., Pietrzak, K.: Processing, microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2O3–Cr nanocomposites. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 27, 1273–1279 (2007)
Ali, M. S., Ariff, A. H. M., Hashmi, M. S., Brabazon, D. (2018). Metal particles as additives in ceramic composite materials: A review of mechanical properties and their origin.
Chen, R., Tuan, W.: Toughening alumina with silver and zirconia inclusions. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 21, 2887–2893 (2001)
Tuan, W., Chou, W.: The corrosion behaviour of Al2O3 toughened by Ag particles. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 16, 583–586 (1996)
Ekström, T.: Alumina ceramics with particle inclusions. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 11, 487–496 (1993)
Sato, K., Abe, H., Naito, M., Hotta, T., Uematsu, K.: Structure of strength-limiting flaws in alumina ceramics made by the powder granule compaction process. Adv. Powder Technol. 17, 219–228 (2006)
RONG, S.-f., Ze-sheng, J.I., Bao-xia, M.A., Yong-chang, Z., Jing-qiang, Z.: Effect of Cu on microstructure and properties of Al2O3 diphase ceramic. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 14, 90–93 (2007)
Barham, N.L., Kaplan, W.D., Rittel, D.: Static and dynamic mechanical properties of alumina reinforced with sub-micron Ni particles. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 597, 1–9 (2014)
Lu, J., Gao, L., Sun, J., Gui, L., Guo, J.: Effect of nickel content on the sintering behavior, mechanical and dielectric properties of Al2O3/Ni composites from coated powders. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 293, 223–228 (2000)
Sekino, T., Nakajima, T., Niihara, K.: Mechanical and magnetic properties of nickel dispersed alumina-based nanocomposite. Mater. Lett. 29, 165–169 (1996)
Chen, R., Tuan, W.: Pressureless sintering of Al2O3/Ni nanocomposites. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 19, 463–468 (1999)
RONG, S.-f., Ze-sheng, J.I., Bao-xia, M.A., Yong-chang, Z., Jing-qiang, Z.: Effect of Cu on microstructure and properties of Al2O3 diphase ceramic. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 14, 90–93 (2007)
Oh, S.-T., Sando, M., Sekino, T., Niihara, K.: Processing and properties of copper dispersed alumina matrix nanocomposites. Nanostructured Materials. 10, 267–272 (1998)
Dong, Z., Chen, W.: Synthesis and hardness evaluation of porous M (Cr, Co) 7 C 3–Co composites. Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 576, 52–60 (2013)
A. s. ASTM standard C 1327 – 03: ASTM standard C 1327 – 03 Standard Test Method for Vickers Indentation Hardness of Advanced Ceramics (2004)
Fahad, M.: Stresses and failure in the diametral compression test. J. Mater. Sci. 31, 3723–3729 (1996)
Seeber, B.S.M., Gonzenbach, U.T., Gauckler, L.J.: Mechanical properties of highly porous alumina foams. J. Mater. Res. 28, 2281–2287 (2013)
Hu, L., Benitez, R., Basu, S., Karaman, I., Radovic, M.: Processing and characterization of porous Ti 2 AlC with controlled porosity and pore size. Acta Mater. 60, 6266–6277 (2012)
Menchavez, R.L., Intong, L.-A.S.: Red clay-based porous ceramic with pores created by yeast-based foaming technique. J. Mater. Sci. 45, 6511–6520 (2010)
Täffner, U., Carle, V., Schäfer U., Hoffmann, M.: Preparation and microstructural analysis of high-performance ceramics. In: Metallography and microstructures, pp. 1057–1066. ASM International (2004)
Cook, S.G., Little, J.A., King, J.E.: Etching and microstructure of engineering ceramics. Mater. Charact. 34, 1–8 (1995)
Eom, J.-H., Kim, Y.-W., Raju, S.: Processing and properties of macroporous silicon carbide ceramics: A review. J. Asian Ceram. Soc. 1, 220–242 (2013)
Zhou, J., Fan, J.-p., Sun, G.-I., Zhang, J.-y., Liu, X.-m., Zhang, D.-h., et al.: Preparation and properties of porous silicon nitride ceramics with uniform spherical pores by improved pore-forming agent method. J Alloys Compd. 632, 655–660 (2015)
Falamaki, C., Aghaei, A., Ardestani, N.R.: RBAO membranes/catalyst supports with enhanced permeability. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 21, 2267–2274 (2001)
Clegg, R.E., Peterson, G.D.: Ductile particle toughening of hydroxyapatite ceramics using platinum particles. In: Structural Integrity and Fracture International Conference (SIF'04), pp. 47–53 (2004)
Acknowledgements
The Department of Biomedical Engineering/Kerbala University is greatly acknowledged for the support rendered in making this work a success.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Ali, M.S. Effect of nano-copper metal (NCM) particles on the mechanical properties and porosity of alumina ceramic composites (ACCS). J Aust Ceram Soc 60, 323–330 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-023-00931-6
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41779-023-00931-6