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Permo-Carboniferous hypabyssal magmatism in northern Portugal: the case of the Lamas de Olo microgranite and lamprophyre dykes

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Abstract

During the final stages of the Variscan orogeny, several subvolcanic dykes intruded throughout NW and SW Europe. In northern Portugal, the microgranite and lamprophyre of the Lamas de Olo region constitute a local manifestation of this magmatic event. To understand their petrogenesis, field, petrographic, and bulk-rock geochemical studies were undertaken. The lamprophyre was also analyzed for the Rb–Sr, Sm–Nd, and zircon U–Pb systematics. Mineralogically, the microgranite resembles alkali-feldspar granites, while the lamprophyre is a minette. Geochemically, the felsic dyke was probably derived from an evolved crustal source, possibly uncontaminated by mantellic or young crustal influences. The results suggest that the source is similar to that of the most evolved facies of the Lamas de Olo pluton. Structurally, the emplacement of the microgranite was presumably controlled by the regional WSW–ENE fracture system. On the other hand, lamprophyre emplacement is related to the regional NNE–SSW system. Fractional crystallization is likely to have conditioned the petrogenesis of the mafic dyke while crustal contamination probably played only a minor role. Several trace element ratios suggest that the lamprophyre resulted from low-degree melting of an enriched mantle source located in the lithospheric mantle. Source enrichment was presumably caused by subduction-related materials and metasomatism triggered by carbonate-rich fluids. When compared to other late-Variscan lamprophyres, the Lamas de Olo mafic dyke shares more similarities with the calc-alkaline specimens of Western Europe. The present work corroborates previous studies concerning the hypothesis that late to post-Variscan lamprophyres may constitute a geodynamic pointer for a change in the tectonic regime.

Resumen

Durante las etapas finales de la orogenia Varisca, varios diques subvolcánicos intruyeron en amplios sectores del NW y SW de Europa. En el norte de Portugal, el microgranito y el lamprófido de la región de Lamas de Olo constituyen una manifestación local de este evento magmático. Para entender su petrogénesis, se realizaron estudios de campo, petrográficos y geoquímicos de estas rocas. También se analizó el lamprófido en cuanto a la sistemática Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd y U-Pb del circón. Mineralógicamente, el microgranito se asemeja a los granitos de feldespato alcalino, mientras que el lamprófido es una minetta. Desde el punto de vista geoquímico, el dique félsico procede probablemente de una fuente de corteza evolucionada, posiblemente no contaminada por influencias mantélicas o de corteza joven. Los resultados sugieren que la fuente es similar a la de las facies más evolucionadas del plutón de Lamas de Olo. Estructuralmente, el emplazamiento del microgranito fue presumiblemente controlado por el sistema de fracturas regional WSW-ENE. Por otro lado, el emplazamiento del lamprófido está relacionado con el sistema regional NNE-SSW. Es probable que la cristalización fraccionada haya condicionado la petrogénesis del dique máfico, mientras que la contaminación con materiales de la corteza terrestre probablemente sólo desempeñó un papel menor. Varias relaciones de elementos traza sugieren que el lamprófido fue el resultado de la fusión a bajo grado de una fuente de manto litosférico enriquecida. El enriquecimiento de la fuente fue presumiblemente causado por materiales relacionados con la subducción y el subsecuente metasomatismo desencadenado por fluidos ricos en carbonatos. En comparación con otros lamprófidos tardovariscos, el dique máfico de Lamas de Olo comparte más similitudes con los ejemplares calcoalcalinos de Europa occidental. El presente trabajo corrobora los estudios anteriores relativos a la hipótesis de que los lamprófidos tardi-post-variscos pueden constituir un indicador geodinámico de un cambio de régimen tectónico.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), through the project ref. UIDB/04683/2020 - ICT (Institute of Earth Sciences). The corresponding author is financially supported by FCT through an individual Ph.D. grant (reference SFRH/BD/138818/2018). The authors thank José Carlos Oliveira and Dr. Cláudia Cruz for their help during the field studies and sample collection. We also acknowledge Dr. Javier Rodríguez (SGIKER, University of the Basque Country) and Professor Pilar Montero (IBERSIMS, University of Granada) for the isotopic and geochronological analyses, respectively, Dr. Teresa Ubide for the editorial work, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments which helped to greatly improve the quality of the original manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), through the project ref. UIDB/04683/2020 - ICT (Institute of Earth Sciences). The corresponding author is financially supported by FCT through an individual Ph.D. grant (reference SFRH/BD/138818/2018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Geociências, Ambiente e Ordenamento do Território, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal

    António João Teixeira Oliveira, Helena Cristina Brites Martins & Helena Maria Sant’Ovaia Mendes da Silva

  2. Instituto de Ciências da Terra, Polo do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal

    António João Teixeira Oliveira, Helena Cristina Brites Martins & Helena Maria Sant’Ovaia Mendes da Silva

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  1. António João Teixeira Oliveira
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  2. Helena Cristina Brites Martins
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  3. Helena Maria Sant’Ovaia Mendes da Silva
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Contributions

AO: conceptualization, methodology, software, formal analysis, validation, investigation, resources, data curation, writing - original draft, writing - review & editing, visualization, project administration. HM: methodology, validation, investigation, resources, data curation, writing - original draft, writing - review & editing, visualization, supervision, project administration. HS’O: methodology, validation, investigation, resources, data curation, writing - original draft, writing - review & editing, visualization.

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Correspondence to António João Teixeira Oliveira.

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- SHRIMPTOOLS data processing. IBERSIMS laboratory, University of Granada, Spain (XLSX 527 KB)

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- Sr and Nd isotope composition of the Lamas de Olo lamprophyre (XLSX 12 KB)

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Oliveira, A.J.T., Martins, H.C.B. & da Silva, H.M.S.M. Permo-Carboniferous hypabyssal magmatism in northern Portugal: the case of the Lamas de Olo microgranite and lamprophyre dykes. J Iber Geol 48, 1–28 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41513-021-00179-8

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