Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Behavior of steel beam to built-up box column moment connections with vertically stiffened panel zone

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Continuity plates (horizontal diaphragms) are conventionally used in steel beam to column moment connections to provide a continuous load path for transferring moments in joints. However, fabricating connections with continuity plates in frames with built-up box columns is usually faced with problems which are mainly due to lack of accessibility. In the present study, the effectiveness of using vertical stiffeners in the panel zone of steel beam to built-up box column connections as an alternative to conventional continuity plates is investigated through a numerical investigation. In this regard, first, the Finite Element (FE) model which is implemented in FE software ABAQUS is validated using the results of tests conducted before on exterior steel beam to box column connections. The analysis results show a good agreement between the analysis and test results in terms of the hysteresis moment-rotation curve and the development of yielding in the connection. Then, the behavior of exterior and interior connections with different configurations of panel zone, including bare connection (with no stiffener in the panel zone), connection with conventional continuity plates, and joints with the proposed vertical stiffener detail, is investigated. The numerical simulations are conducted on models with different beam and column dimensions. According to the analysis results, the connections with unstiffened panel zone usually do not show a satisfactory performance. In these models the premature yielding of column flange is the dominant mode of failure and prevents connections from reaching the beam plastic strength. Oppositely, connections whose panel zones are stiffened using the proposed detail, show an almost similar behavior with those with conventional continuity plates. Furthermore, according to the yield pattern in the models and the hysteresis behavior of the connections, they can be classified as beam to column connections in special moment frames.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22
Fig. 23
Fig. 24

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Mahin SA (1998) Lessons from damage to steel buildings during the Northridge earthquake. Eng Struct 20:261–270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. FEMA (2000) State of the art report on past performance of steel moment frame buildings in earthquakes. FEMA 355E, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), Washington, DC

  3. Kim T, Stojadinović B, Whittaker AS (2008) Seismic performance of pre-northridge welded steel moment connections to built-up box columns. J Struct Eng 134:289–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Chen C, Lin C, Tsai C (2004) Evaluation of reinforced connections between steel beams and box columns. Eng Struct 26:1889–1904

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kim T, Yu E (2020) Seismic analysis of steel moment frames with column-tree connections. J Constr Steel Res 168:105871

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Dehghan SM, Najafgholipour MA, Ziarati SM, Mehrpour MR (2018) Experimental and numerical assessment of beam-column connection in steel moment-resisting frames with built-up double-I column. Steel Compos Struct 26:315–328

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kim Y, Oh S, Moon T (2004) Seismic behavior and retrofit of steel moment connections considering slab effects. Eng Struct 26:1993–2005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Chi B, Uang C, Chen A (2006) Seismic rehabilitation of pre-Northridge steel moment connections: a case study. J Constr Steel Res 62:783–792

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Shi G, Zhao H, Chen X, Xiao T (2020) Experimental study of cyclic behavior of retrofitted beam-to-column joints with welded haunches. J Constr Steel Res 171:106146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Hou H, Zhang S, Qu B, Zhu Y, Liang Y, Li K, Fu X (2021) Low-rise steel moment-resisting frames with novel re-centering beam-to-column connections: connection modelling and system performance evaluation. J Constr Steel Res 180:106578

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Hu F, Shi G, Bai Y, Shi Y (2014) Seismic performance of prefabricated steel beam-to-column connections. J Constr Steel Res 102:204–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Azad S, Mirghaderi SR, Epackachi S (2021) Numerical investigation of steel and composite beam-to-encased composite column connection via a through-plate. Structures 31:14–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lee D, Cotton SC, Dexter RJ, Hajjar JF, Ye Y, Ojard SD (2002) Column stiffener detailing and panel zone behavior of steel moment frame connections. Structural Engineering Report No. ST-01–3.2, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota

  14. Prochnow SD, Dexter RJ, Hajjar JF, Ye Y, Cotton SC (2000) Local flange bending and local web yielding limit states in steel moment-resisting connections. Structural Engineering Report No. ST-00–4, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota

  15. Ye Y, Hajjar JF, Dexter RJ, Prochnow SD, Cotton SC (2000) Nonlinear analysis of continuity plate and doubler plate details in steel moment frame connections. Structural Engineering Report No. ST-00–3, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota

  16. Shanmugam NE, Ting LC (1995) Welded interior box-column to I-beam connections. J Struct Eng 121(5):824–830

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Gholami M, Deylami A, Tehranizadeh M (2018) Seismic performance of flange plate connections between steel beams and box columns. J Constr Steel Res 84:36–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Chen X, Shi G (2022) Experimental study of end-plate joints with box columns. J Constr Steel Res 143:307–319

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ozkula G, Garai R, Lee P, Uang C (2019) Cyclic behavior of electroslag welded joints in beam-to-built-up box column steel moment connections. J Struct Eng (ASCE) 145:12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Chen C, Lin K, Jhunag S, Chang H (2020) Seismic performance evaluation of steel box-column connections with ESW stiffeners. Int J Steel Struct 20:766–776

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Goswami R, Murty CVR (2010) Externally reinforced welded i-beam-to-box-column seismic connection. J Eng Mech (ASCE) 136:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Mirghaderi SR, Torabian S, Kesharvarzi F (2010) I-beam to box–column connection by a vertical plate passing through the column. Eng Struct 32(8):2034–2048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Rezaifar O, Nazari M, Gholhaki M (2017) Experimental study of rigid beam-to-box column connections with types of internal/external stiffeners. Steel Compos Struct 25(5):535–544

    Google Scholar 

  24. Yin S, Rong B, Wang L, Sun Y, Zhang W, Zhang W (2020) Study on shear performance of the connection with external stiffening ring between square steel tubular column and unequal-depth steel beams. Adv Struct Eng 2:1–15

    Google Scholar 

  25. Jahanbakhti E, Fanaie N, Rezaeian A (2017) Experimental investigation of panel zone in rigid beam to box column connection. J Constr Steel Res 137:180–191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Rezaeian A, Jahanbakhti E, Fanaie N (2020) Numerical study of panel zone in a moment connection without continuity plates. J Earthq Eng 2:1

    Google Scholar 

  27. Najafgholipour MA, Peykari K, Dehghan SM (2020) An alternative detail for continuity plates in steel beam to box-column moment-connections. J Constr Steel Res 167:105952

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. AISC (2016) Seismic provisions for structural steel buildings. AISC/ANSI 341–16, American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), Chicago

Download references

Funding

Not applicable.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, Iran

    Kianoush Peykari & Mohammad Amir Najafgholipour

Authors
  1. Kianoush Peykari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mohammad Amir Najafgholipour
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Kianoush Peykari: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation Mohammad Amir Najafgholipour: Supervision, Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing - original draft.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Amir Najafgholipour.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Peykari, K., Najafgholipour, M.A. Behavior of steel beam to built-up box column moment connections with vertically stiffened panel zone. J Build Rehabil 8, 6 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41024-022-00253-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41024-022-00253-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation